वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-106, verse-4

अल्पोष्णक्षुब्धसलिलां घर्मोत्तप्तविहंगमाम् ।
लीनमीनझषग्राहां कृशां गिरिनदीमिव ॥४॥

4. alpoṣṇakṣubdhasalilāṃ gharmottaptavihaṃgamām ,
līnamīnajhaṣagrāhāṃ kṛśāṃ girinadīmiva.

4. alpoṣṇakṣubdhasalilām gharmottaptavihaṅgamām
līnamīnajhaṣagrāhām kṛśām girinadīm iva

4. kṛśām girinadīm iva alpoṣṇakṣubdhasalilām
gharmottaptavihaṅgamām līnamīnajhaṣagrāhām

4. Like a meager mountain river, its waters slightly warm and disturbed, its birds distressed by the summer heat, and its fish and large aquatic creatures hidden or shrunken.

Words meanings summery:

• अल्पोष्णक्षुब्धसलिलाम् (alpoṣṇakṣubdhasalilām) - whose waters are slightly warm and disturbed; having little heat and agitated water

• घर्मोत्तप्तविहङ्गमाम् (gharmottaptavihaṅgamām) - with birds distressed by heat; whose birds are tormented by summer heat

• लीनमीनझषग्राहाम् (līnamīnajhaṣagrāhām) - with hidden fish and large aquatic creatures; whose fish and alligators are shrunk/hidden

• कृशाम् (kṛśām) - meager, thin, emaciated

• गिरिनदीम् (girinadīm) - mountain river

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

अल्पोष्णक्षुब्धसलिलाम् (alpoṣṇakṣubdhasalilām) - whose waters are slightly warm and disturbed; having little heat and agitated water

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of alpoṣṇakṣubdhasalila

alpoṣṇakṣubdhasalila - having slightly warm and disturbed waters

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+uṣṇa+kṣubdha+salila)

• alpa – little, small, slight
  adjective
• uṣṇa – warm, hot
  adjective
  Root: uṣ (class 1)
• kṣubdha – agitated, disturbed, shaken
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṣubh (to shake, agitate).
  Root: kṣubh (class 1)
• salila – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, modifying girinadīm.

घर्मोत्तप्तविहङ्गमाम् (gharmottaptavihaṅgamām) - with birds distressed by heat; whose birds are tormented by summer heat

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gharmottaptavihaṅgama

gharmottaptavihaṅgama - having birds tormented by summer heat

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gharma+uttapta+vihaṅgama)

• gharma – heat, summer heat, sweat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ghṛ (class 3)
• uttapta – heated, tormented, distressed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root tap (to heat, suffer) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: tap (class 1)
• vihaṅgama – bird (literally "going in the sky")
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, modifying girinadīm.

लीनमीनझषग्राहाम् (līnamīnajhaṣagrāhām) - with hidden fish and large aquatic creatures; whose fish and alligators are shrunk/hidden

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of līnamīnajhaṣagrāha

līnamīnajhaṣagrāha - having hidden fish and large aquatic creatures

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (līna+mīna+jhaṣa+grāha)

• līna – hidden, dissolved, merged, shrunk
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root lī (to cling, dissolve).
  Root: lī (class 4)
• mīna – fish
  noun (masculine)
• jhaṣa – a large fish, a shark, an alligator
  noun (masculine)
• grāha – a grabber, an aquatic monster, crocodile, alligator
  noun (masculine)
  From root grah (to seize, grasp).
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, modifying girinadīm.

कृशाम् (kṛśām) - meager, thin, emaciated

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛśā

kṛśa - thin, slender, emaciated, meager

Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, modifying girinadīm.

गिरिनदीम् (girinadīm) - mountain river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of girinadī

girinadī - mountain river

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+nadī)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṛ (class 6)
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of implied comparison, here "like a mountain river".

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

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