वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-106, verse-1

स्निग्धगम्भीरघोषेण स्यन्दनेनोपयान्प्रभुः ।
अयोध्यां भरतः क्षिप्रं प्रविवेश महायशाः ॥१॥

1. snigdhagambhīraghoṣeṇa syandanenopayānprabhuḥ ,
ayodhyāṃ bharataḥ kṣipraṃ praviveśa mahāyaśāḥ.

1. snigdhagambhīraghoṣeṇa syandanena upayān prabhuḥ
ayodhyām bharataḥ kṣipraṃ praviveśa mahāyaśāḥ

1. mahāyaśāḥ bharataḥ snigdhagambhīraghoṣeṇa syandanena
upayān prabhuḥ kṣipraṃ ayodhyām praviveśa

1. The highly renowned Bharata, arriving by his chariot with a soft and deep rumble, swiftly entered Ayodhya.

Words meanings summery:

• स्निग्धगम्भीरघोषेण (snigdhagambhīraghoṣeṇa) - with a soft and deep sound/rumble

• स्यन्दनेन (syandanena) - by the chariot, by the vehicle

• उपयान् (upayān) - approaching, coming near, arriving

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - Bharata, the lord. (lord, master, powerful one)

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - Ayodhya (the city)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (proper name)

• क्षिप्रं (kṣipraṁ) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered, went into

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - glorious, highly renowned, famous

Words meanings and morphology

स्निग्धगम्भीरघोषेण (snigdhagambhīraghoṣeṇa) - with a soft and deep sound/rumble

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of snigdhagambhīraghoṣa

snigdhagambhīraghoṣa - having a soft and deep sound

Karmahāraya + Tatpuruṣa compound or Bahuvrīhi

Compound type : karmahāraya-tatpurusha (snigdha+gambhīra+ghoṣa)

• snigdha – smooth, soft, oily, gentle
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'snih'
  Root: snih (class 4)
• gambhīra – deep, profound, solemn
  adjective (masculine)
• ghoṣa – sound, noise, roar, rumble
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'syandanena'.

स्यन्दनेन (syandanena) - by the chariot, by the vehicle

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of syandana

syandana - chariot, car, flowing, dripping

from root 'syand' (to flow)

Root: syand (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means of transport.

उपयान् (upayān) - approaching, coming near, arriving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upayāt

upayāt - approaching, arriving, going towards

Present Active Participle

formed from prefix 'upa-' and root 'yā' (to go)

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'prabhuḥ' and 'bharataḥ'.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - Bharata, the lord. (lord, master, powerful one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Bharata.

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - Ayodhya (the city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (name of a city); unconquerable, invincible (as an adjective)

Note: Object of the verb 'praviveśa'.

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (a proper name, particularly Rama's brother); one who bears/maintains

Note: The main subject of the sentence.

क्षिप्रं (kṣipraṁ) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

used as an adverb here

Note: Modifies the verb 'praviveśa'.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered, went into

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of viś

from root 'viś' with prefix 'pra-'

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - glorious, highly renowned, famous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - very famous, highly renowned, glorious

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahat + yaśas

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+yaśas)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• yaśas – fame, glory, reputation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'bharataḥ'.

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