वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-106, verse-2

बिडालोलूकचरितामालीननरवारणाम् ।
तिमिराभ्याहतां कालीमप्रकाशां निशामिव ॥२॥

2. biḍālolūkacaritāmālīnanaravāraṇām ,
timirābhyāhatāṃ kālīmaprakāśāṃ niśāmiva.

2. biḍālolūkacaritām ālīnanaravāraṇām
timirābhyāhatām kālīm aprakāśām niśām iva

2. biḍālolūkacaritām ālīnanaravāraṇām
timirābhyāhatām kālīm aprakāśām niśām iva

2. It was like a dark, unlit night, overcome by gloom, where only cats and owls roamed, and men and elephants were hidden away.

Words meanings summery:

• बिडालोलूकचरिताम् (biḍālolūkacaritām) - frequented by cats and owls, where cats and owls roam

• आलीननरवारणाम् (ālīnanaravāraṇām) - where men and elephants are hidden/cowering

• तिमिराभ्याहताम् (timirābhyāhatām) - afflicted by darkness, struck by gloom

• कालीम् (kālīm) - dark, black

• अप्रकाशाम् (aprakāśām) - unlit, dark, without light

• निशाम् (niśām) - night

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

Words meanings and morphology

बिडालोलूकचरिताम् (biḍālolūkacaritām) - frequented by cats and owls, where cats and owls roam

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of biḍālolūkacarita

biḍālolūkacarita - frequented by cats and owls

Bahuvrīhi compound: biḍāla + ulūka + carita

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (biḍāla+ulūka+carita)

• biḍāla – cat
  noun (masculine)
• ulūka – owl
  noun (masculine)
• carita – roamed, moved, practiced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'car' (to move, roam)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'Ayodhyām' (implied from previous verse) by comparing it to a night.

आलीननरवारणाम् (ālīnanaravāraṇām) - where men and elephants are hidden/cowering

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ālīnanaravāraṇa

ālīnanaravāraṇa - where men and elephants are hidden/cowering

Bahuvrīhi compound: ālīna + nara + vāraṇa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ālīna+nara+vāraṇa)

• ālīna – hidden, cowering, clinging, attached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from prefix 'ā-' and root 'lī' (to cling, hide)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lī (class 4)
• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vāraṇa – elephant; warding off, preventing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'Ayodhyām' by comparing it to a night.

तिमिराभ्याहताम् (timirābhyāhatām) - afflicted by darkness, struck by gloom

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of timirābhyāhata

timirābhyāhata - afflicted by darkness, overcome by gloom

Tatpurusha compound: timira + abhyāhata

Compound type : tatpurusha (timira+abhyāhata)

• timira – darkness, gloom, mist
  noun (neuter)
• abhyāhata – struck, afflicted, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from prefix 'abhi-ā-' and root 'han' (to strike)
  Prefixes: abhi+ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'Ayodhyām' by comparing it to a night.

कालीम् (kālīm) - dark, black

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kālī

kālī - dark, black, dark-colored

feminine form of 'kāla'

Note: Qualifies 'niśām'.

अप्रकाशाम् (aprakāśām) - unlit, dark, without light

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aprakāśa

aprakāśa - unlit, dark, obscure, without light

Negative compound: a + prakāśa

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+prakāśa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• prakāśa – light, brightness, manifestation
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'niśām'.

निशाम् (niśām) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

Note: The object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.

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