वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-106, verse-13

संमूढनिगमां सर्वां संक्षिप्तविपणापणाम् ।
प्रच्छन्नशशिनक्षत्रां द्यामिवाम्बुधरैर्वृताम् ॥१३॥

13. saṃmūḍhanigamāṃ sarvāṃ saṃkṣiptavipaṇāpaṇām ,
pracchannaśaśinakṣatrāṃ dyāmivāmbudharairvṛtām.

13. saṃmūḍha-nigamām sarvām saṃkṣipta-vipaṇāpaṇām
pracchanna-śaśi-nakṣatrām dyām iva ambudharaiḥ vṛtām

13. sarvām dyām iva,
ambudharaiḥ vṛtām,
saṃmūḍha-nigamām,
saṃkṣipta-vipaṇāpaṇām,
pracchanna-śaśi-nakṣatrām

13. Like the entire sky, whose celestial pathways are obscured, whose various stellar "markets" are diminished, and whose moon and stars are hidden, being covered by clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• संमूढ-निगमाम् (saṁmūḍha-nigamām) - (the sky) whose celestial pathways are obscured (whose roads/marketplaces are obscured/bewildered)

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - the entire (sky) (all, entire)

• संक्षिप्त-विपणापणाम् (saṁkṣipta-vipaṇāpaṇām) - (the sky) whose various stellar "markets" are diminished (whose shops and markets are diminished/closed)

• प्रच्छन्न-शशि-नक्षत्राम् (pracchanna-śaśi-nakṣatrām) - (the sky) whose moon and stars are hidden (whose moon and stars are hidden)

• द्याम् (dyām) - the sky (sky, heaven)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अम्बुधरैः (ambudharaiḥ) - by clouds

• वृताम् (vṛtām) - (the sky) covered (covered, surrounded, enveloped)

Words meanings and morphology

संमूढ-निगमाम् (saṁmūḍha-nigamām) - (the sky) whose celestial pathways are obscured (whose roads/marketplaces are obscured/bewildered)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃmūḍhanigama

saṁmūḍhanigama - having obscured paths/marketplaces

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃmūḍha+nigama)

• saṃmūḍha – bewildered, obscured, confused, stupefied
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √muh (to be confused) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: muh (class 4)
• nigama – market-road, frequented road, path, market-place, traditional lore
  noun (masculine)
  From √gam (to go) with prefix ni-
  Prefix: ni
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, agreeing with dyām.

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - the entire (sky) (all, entire)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Note: Accusative singular feminine, agreeing with dyām.

संक्षिप्त-विपणापणाम् (saṁkṣipta-vipaṇāpaṇām) - (the sky) whose various stellar "markets" are diminished (whose shops and markets are diminished/closed)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃkṣiptavipaṇāpaṇa

saṁkṣiptavipaṇāpaṇa - having diminished/contracted shops and markets

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃkṣipta+vipaṇāpaṇa)

• saṃkṣipta – contracted, diminished, abridged, ceased
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṣip (to throw, cast) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kṣip (class 6)
• vipaṇāpaṇa – shops and markets
  noun
  Dvandva compound of vipaṇa (shop) and āpaṇa (market)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, agreeing with dyām.

प्रच्छन्न-शशि-नक्षत्राम् (pracchanna-śaśi-nakṣatrām) - (the sky) whose moon and stars are hidden (whose moon and stars are hidden)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pracchannaśaśinakṣatra

pracchannaśaśinakṣatra - having hidden moon and stars

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pracchanna+śaśin+nakṣatra)

• pracchanna – hidden, concealed, covered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √chad (to cover) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: chad (class 10)
• śaśin – moon (lit. 'having a hare')
  noun (masculine)
• nakṣatra – star, constellation, lunar mansion
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, agreeing with dyām.

द्याम् (dyām) - the sky (sky, heaven)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dyu

dyu - sky, heaven, day

Root form used as a noun, feminine.

Root: dyu

Note: Object of implicit comparison.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

Note: Particle indicating simile.

अम्बुधरैः (ambudharaiḥ) - by clouds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ambudhara

ambudhara - cloud (lit. 'water-bearer')

From ambu (water) + √dhṛ (to bear) + a suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ambu+dhara)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, carrying, wearing
  adjective/noun
  agent noun
  From √dhṛ (to bear)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agent of the action 'vṛtām'.

वृताम् (vṛtām) - (the sky) covered (covered, surrounded, enveloped)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛ (to cover, encompass, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Accusative singular feminine, agreeing with dyām.

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