वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-7, verse-14

गुरौ गुणगृहीताश्च प्रख्याताश्च पराक्रमैः ।
विदेशेष्वपि विज्ञाताः सर्वतो बुद्धिनिश्चयात् ॥१४॥

14. gurau guṇagṛhītāśca prakhyātāśca parākramaiḥ ,
videśeṣvapi vijñātāḥ sarvato buddhiniścayāt.

14. gurau guṇagṛhītāḥ ca prakhyātāḥ ca parākramaiḥ
videśeṣu api vijñātāḥ sarvataḥ buddhiniscayāt

14. gurau guṇagṛhītāḥ ca parākramaiḥ ca prakhyātāḥ
sarvataḥ buddhiniscayāt videśeṣu api vijñātāḥ

14. They were esteemed by their teachers (guru) for their virtues, famous for their valor, and known even in foreign lands everywhere due to their firm intellectual (buddhi) resolve.

Words meanings summery:

• गुरौ (gurau) - by their teachers (in the teacher, towards the teacher, by the teacher)

• गुणगृहीताः (guṇagṛhītāḥ) - esteemed for their virtues (appreciated for good qualities, possessing virtues, held by qualities)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रख्याताः (prakhyātāḥ) - famous (renowned, famous, well-known)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पराक्रमैः (parākramaiḥ) - for their valor (by valor, by prowess, by strength)

• विदेशेषु (videśeṣu) - in foreign lands (in foreign lands, in other countries)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

• विज्ञाताः (vijñātāḥ) - known (known, understood, recognized)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - everywhere (from all sides, everywhere, completely)

• बुद्धिनिस्चयात् (buddhiniscayāt) - due to their firm intellectual (buddhi) resolve (from firm intellect, due to intellectual determination)

Words meanings and morphology

गुरौ (gurau) - by their teachers (in the teacher, towards the teacher, by the teacher)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, spiritual guide (guru), venerable person, preceptor

Note: The locative case here indicates respect or agency.

गुणगृहीताः (guṇagṛhītāḥ) - esteemed for their virtues (appreciated for good qualities, possessing virtues, held by qualities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇagṛhīta

guṇagṛhīta - endowed with good qualities, appreciated for virtues

Compound of 'guṇa' and 'gṛhīta'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (guṇa+gṛhīta)

• guṇa – quality, virtue, excellence, attribute
  noun (masculine)
• gṛhīta – taken, seized, accepted, acquired, understood, appreciated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'grah' (to seize, take).
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Qualifies the implied subjects (ministers).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्रख्याताः (prakhyātāḥ) - famous (renowned, famous, well-known)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prakhyāta

prakhyāta - renowned, famous, celebrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'khyā' (to be known, to tell) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies the implied subjects (ministers).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पराक्रमैः (parākramaiḥ) - for their valor (by valor, by prowess, by strength)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parākrama

parākrama - valor, prowess, might, courage, effort

Derived from 'kram' (to step, go) with prefix 'parā'.

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or reason for being famous.

विदेशेषु (videśeṣu) - in foreign lands (in foreign lands, in other countries)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of videśa

videśa - foreign land, another country

Compound of 'vi' and 'deśa'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (vi+deśa)

• vi – apart, asunder, away; prefix indicating separation, intensity, difference
  indeclinable
• deśa – place, region, country, locality
  noun (masculine)
  Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Indicates the place.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

विज्ञाताः (vijñātāḥ) - known (known, understood, recognized)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vijñāta

vijñāta - known, understood, recognized, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'jñā' (to know) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies the implied subjects (ministers).

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - everywhere (from all sides, everywhere, completely)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix '-tas' from 'sarva'.

बुद्धिनिस्चयात् (buddhiniscayāt) - due to their firm intellectual (buddhi) resolve (from firm intellect, due to intellectual determination)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of buddhiniscaya

buddhiniscaya - firm resolve of intellect, intellectual determination

Compound of 'buddhi' and 'niścaya'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (buddhi+niścaya)

• buddhi – intellect (buddhi), understanding, reason, perception
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'budh' (to know, perceive).
  Root: budh (class 1)
• niścaya – firm resolve, certainty, determination, conviction
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'ci' (to gather, observe) with prefix 'nis'.
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Indicates the reason or cause.