वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-7, verse-1

अष्टौ बभूवुर्वीरस्य तस्यामात्या यशस्विनः ।
शुचयश्चानुरक्ताश्च राजकृत्येषु नित्यशः ॥१॥

1. aṣṭau babhūvurvīrasya tasyāmātyā yaśasvinaḥ ,
śucayaścānuraktāśca rājakṛtyeṣu nityaśaḥ.

1. aṣṭau babhūvuḥ vīrasya tasya amātyāḥ yaśasvinaḥ
śucayaḥ ca anuraktāḥ ca rājakṛtyeṣu nityaśaḥ

1. tasya vīrasya aṣṭau yaśasvinaḥ śucayaḥ ca
anuraktāḥ ca amātyāḥ rājakṛtyeṣu nityaśaḥ babhūvuḥ

1. Eight illustrious ministers served that heroic king. They were pure, loyal, and constantly devoted to performing royal duties.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - there were (they were, they became)

• वीरस्य (vīrasya) - of that heroic (king) (of the heroic, of the brave (masculine singular genitive))

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (king) (of that (masculine singular genitive))

• अमात्याः (amātyāḥ) - ministers (ministers, companions)

• यशस्विनः (yaśasvinaḥ) - illustrious (illustrious, glorious, famous)

• शुचयः (śucayaḥ) - pure (in conduct), honest (pure, honest, clean)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अनुरक्ताः (anuraktāḥ) - loyal, devoted (devoted, loyal, attached)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• राजकृत्येषु (rājakṛtyeṣu) - in royal duties (in royal duties, in state affairs)

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

(numeral)

Note: Number of ministers.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - there were (they were, they became)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect Indicative

From √bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

वीरस्य (vīrasya) - of that heroic (king) (of the heroic, of the brave (masculine singular genitive))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valorous, warrior

Note: Modifies "tasya" (that king).

तस्य (tasya) - of that (king) (of that (masculine singular genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the king mentioned in the previous verse.

अमात्याः (amātyāḥ) - ministers (ministers, companions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of amātya

amātya - minister, cabinet member, companion

Note: Subject (along with aṣṭau).

यशस्विनः (yaśasvinaḥ) - illustrious (illustrious, glorious, famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - illustrious, glorious, famous, celebrated

From yaśas (glory) + -vin (possessing).

Note: Modifies "amātyāḥ".

शुचयः (śucayaḥ) - pure (in conduct), honest (pure, honest, clean)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, honest, white, bright

Note: Modifies "amātyāḥ".

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "śucayaḥ" and "anuraktāḥ".

अनुरक्ताः (anuraktāḥ) - loyal, devoted (devoted, loyal, attached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anurakta

anurakta - attached, devoted, loyal, fond of

Past Passive Participle

From anu-√rañj (to be colored, attached to).

Prefix: anu

Root: rañj (class 1)

Note: Modifies "amātyāḥ".

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "anuraktāḥ" with the previous attributes.

राजकृत्येषु (rājakṛtyeṣu) - in royal duties (in royal duties, in state affairs)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of rājakṛtya

rājakṛtya - royal duty, state affair, king's business

From rājan (king) + kṛtya (duty).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+kṛtya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• kṛtya – duty, action, what is to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Specifies the area of their devotion.

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -śas indicating manner/repetition.

Note: Modifies "anuraktāḥ".