वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-7, verse-13

सुवाससः सुवेशाश्च ते च सर्वे सुशीलिनः ।
हितार्थं च नरेन्द्रस्य जाग्रतो नयचक्षुषा ॥१३॥

13. suvāsasaḥ suveśāśca te ca sarve suśīlinaḥ ,
hitārthaṃ ca narendrasya jāgrato nayacakṣuṣā.

13. suvāsasaḥ suveśāḥ ca te ca sarve suśīlinaḥ
hitārtham ca narendrasya jāgrataḥ nayacakṣuṣā

13. te ca sarve suvāsasaḥ ca suveśāḥ ca suśīlinaḥ
jāgrataḥ ca narendrasya hitārtham nayacakṣuṣā

13. All of them were well-dressed, handsome, and virtuous. And they were vigilant for the king's welfare, through the eye of (their) policy.

Words meanings summery:

• सुवाससः (suvāsasaḥ) - well-dressed, wearing good clothes

• सुवेशाः (suveśāḥ) - well-attired, handsome

• च (ca) - and

• ते (te) - the people being described (they)

• च (ca) - and

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• सुशीलिनः (suśīlinaḥ) - well-behaved, virtuous, of good conduct

• हितार्थम् (hitārtham) - for the sake of welfare, for the benefit

• च (ca) - and

• नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of the king, of the lord of men

• जाग्रतः (jāgrataḥ) - vigilant, awake, watchful

• नयचक्षुषा (nayacakṣuṣā) - by the eye of policy, through political insight

Words meanings and morphology

सुवाससः (suvāsasaḥ) - well-dressed, wearing good clothes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suvāsas

suvāsas - well-dressed, wearing good clothes, handsome

From su- (good) + vāsas (garment).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+vāsas)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vāsas – garment, clothing, apparel
  noun (neuter)
  From root vas (to wear).
  Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'te sarve'.

सुवेशाः (suveśāḥ) - well-attired, handsome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suveśa

suveśa - well-attired, handsome, well-arrayed

From su- (good) + veśa (dress, appearance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+veśa)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• veśa – dress, attire, appearance, entrance
  noun (masculine)
  From root viś (to enter).
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'te sarve'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects adjectives.

ते (te) - the people being described (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Refers to the people being described.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses or items in a list.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Subject of the implied verb, qualified by adjectives.

सुशीलिनः (suśīlinaḥ) - well-behaved, virtuous, of good conduct

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suśīlin

suśīlin - well-behaved, virtuous, of good conduct/character

From su- (good) + śīla (conduct, character) + suffix in.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+śīla)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• śīla – conduct, character, custom, habit, nature
  noun (neuter)
  From root śī (to lie down, to be accustomed).
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'te sarve'.

हितार्थम् (hitārtham) - for the sake of welfare, for the benefit

(indeclinable)

From hita (welfare) + artha (purpose, sake). Often used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+artha)

• hita – good, beneficial, welfare, laid, placed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place), irregular formation.
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Used adverbially.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses or phrases.

नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of the king, of the lord of men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men, monarch

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (deity)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: id

Note: Refers to the king.

जाग्रतः (jāgrataḥ) - vigilant, awake, watchful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāgrat

jāgrat - awake, vigilant, watchful

Present Active Participle

From root jāgṛ (to be awake), present participle suffix śatṛ.

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'te sarve'.

नयचक्षुषा (nayacakṣuṣā) - by the eye of policy, through political insight

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nayacakṣus

nayacakṣus - eye of policy, political insight/prudence

From naya (policy) + cakṣus (eye).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naya+cakṣus)

• naya – policy, guidance, conduct, prudence, leadership
  noun (masculine)
  From root nī (to lead).
  Root: nī (class 1)
• cakṣus – eye, sight, vision
  noun (neuter)
  From root cakṣ (to see).
  Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Describes the means of vigilance or action.