वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-5, verse-23

तामग्निमद्भिर्गुणवद्भिरावृतां द्विजोत्तमैर्वेदषडङ्गपारगैः ।
सहस्रदैः सत्यरतैर्महात्मभिर्महर्षिकल्पैरृषिभिश्च केवलैः ॥२३॥

23. tāmagnimadbhirguṇavadbhirāvṛtāṃ dvijottamairvedaṣaḍaṅgapāragaiḥ ,
sahasradaiḥ satyaratairmahātmabhirmaharṣikalpairṛṣibhiśca kevalaiḥ.

23. tām agnimadbhiḥ guṇavadbhiḥ āvṛtām
dvijottamaiḥ vedaṣaḍaṅgapāragaiḥ
sahasradaiḥ satyarataiḥ mahātmabhiḥ
maharṣikalpaiḥ ṛṣibhiḥ ca kevalaiḥ

23. tām āvṛtām dvijottamaiḥ agnimadbhiḥ
guṇavadbhiḥ vedaṣaḍaṅgapāragaiḥ ca
sahasradaiḥ satyarataiḥ mahātmabhiḥ
maharṣikalpaiḥ ca kevalaiḥ ṛṣibhiḥ

23. That city was inhabited by excellent twice-born (dvijottama) individuals who maintained sacred fires, were virtuous, and had mastered the Vedas and their six auxiliary branches (aṅgas). It was also inhabited by those who were extremely generous, devoted to truth, great-souled (mahātman), resembling great sages (maharṣi), and by truly wise sages.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (city)

• अग्निमद्भिः (agnimadbhiḥ) - by those possessing sacred fire, by fire-keepers

• गुणवद्भिः (guṇavadbhiḥ) - by those possessing virtues, by virtuous ones

• आवृताम् (āvṛtām) - surrounded, filled, inhabited (feminine accusative singular)

• द्विजोत्तमैः (dvijottamaiḥ) - by excellent twice-born, by best brahmins

• वेदषडङ्गपारगैः (vedaṣaḍaṅgapāragaiḥ) - by those who have mastered the Vedas and their six auxiliary branches

• सहस्रदैः (sahasradaiḥ) - by givers of thousands (of gifts), by extremely charitable ones

• सत्यरतैः (satyarataiḥ) - by those devoted to truth

• महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great-souled individuals, by noble-minded ones

• महर्षिकल्पैः (maharṣikalpaiḥ) - by those resembling great sages, by sage-like individuals

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, by seers

• च (ca) - and, also

• केवलैः (kevalaiḥ) - by pure, by exclusive, by truly wise (ones)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (city)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

अग्निमद्भिः (agnimadbhiḥ) - by those possessing sacred fire, by fire-keepers

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of agnimat

agnimat - possessing fire, maintaining sacred fire

derived from "agni" with matup suffix

गुणवद्भिः (guṇavadbhiḥ) - by those possessing virtues, by virtuous ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇavat

guṇavat - possessing good qualities, virtuous, meritorious

derived from "guṇa" with matup suffix

आवृताम् (āvṛtām) - surrounded, filled, inhabited (feminine accusative singular)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - surrounded, covered, filled, inhabited

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

द्विजोत्तमैः (dvijottamaiḥ) - by excellent twice-born, by best brahmins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvijottama

dvijottama - best of the twice-born, excellent Brahmin

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)

वेदषडङ्गपारगैः (vedaṣaḍaṅgapāragaiḥ) - by those who have mastered the Vedas and their six auxiliary branches

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vedaṣaḍaṅgapāraga

vedaṣaḍaṅgapāraga - one who has gone to the other shore of the Vedas and their six auxiliary branches, master of Vedas and Aṅgas

Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+ṣaḍ-aṅga+pāraga)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
• ṣaṭ-aṅga – six auxiliary branches (of the Veda)
  noun (neuter)
• pāraga – one who has reached the other shore, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pāra
  Root: gam

सहस्रदैः (sahasradaiḥ) - by givers of thousands (of gifts), by extremely charitable ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sahasrada

sahasrada - bestowing thousands, liberal, munificent

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (sahasra+da)

• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dā

सत्यरतैः (satyarataiḥ) - by those devoted to truth

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of satyarata

satyarata - devoted to truth, delighting in truth

Compound type : tatpurusha (satya+rata)

• satya – truth, reality
  noun (neuter)
• rata – delighted, devoted to, engaged in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: ram

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great-souled individuals, by noble-minded ones

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble, the Supreme Spirit

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, spirit
  noun (masculine)

महर्षिकल्पैः (maharṣikalpaiḥ) - by those resembling great sages, by sage-like individuals

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of maharṣikalpa

maharṣikalpa - resembling a great sage, sage-like

Compound type : tatpurusha (maharṣi+kalpa)

• maharṣi – great sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• kalpa – resembling, like, almost
  suffix/adjective
  suffix meaning 'like', 'resembling'

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, by seers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

केवलैः (kevalaiḥ) - by pure, by exclusive, by truly wise (ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kevala

kevala - alone, sole, exclusive, pure, whole, absolute