वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-5, verse-13

दुर्गगम्भीरपरिखां दुर्गामन्यैर्दुरासदाम् ।
वाजिवारणसंपूर्णां गोभिरुष्ट्रैः खरैस्तथा ॥१३॥

13. durgagambhīraparikhāṃ durgāmanyairdurāsadām ,
vājivāraṇasaṃpūrṇāṃ gobhiruṣṭraiḥ kharaistathā.

13. durgagambhīraparikhām durgām anyaiḥ durāsadām
vājivāraṇasaṃpūrṇām gobhiḥ uṣṭraiḥ kharaiḥ tathā

13. durgagambhīraparikhām durgām anyaiḥ durāsadām
vājivāraṇasaṃpūrṇām gobhiḥ uṣṭraiḥ kharaiḥ tathā

13. It possessed deep, formidable moats, making it impregnable and difficult for others to approach. It was teeming with horses, elephants, as well as cows, camels, and donkeys.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्गगम्भीरपरिखाम् (durgagambhīraparikhām) - having deep and formidable moats

• दुर्गाम् (durgām) - difficult to access, impregnable

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, by different ones

• दुरासदाम् (durāsadām) - difficult to approach, unattainable

• वाजिवारणसंपूर्णाम् (vājivāraṇasaṁpūrṇām) - filled with horses and elephants

• गोभिः (gobhiḥ) - by cows

• उष्ट्रैः (uṣṭraiḥ) - by camels

• खरैः (kharaiḥ) - by donkeys

• तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्गगम्भीरपरिखाम् (durgagambhīraparikhām) - having deep and formidable moats

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durgagambhīraparikhā

durgagambhīraparikhā - a moat that is deep and formidable

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (durga+gambhīra+parikhā)

• durga – difficult to access, a fort, a stronghold
  noun (neuter)
  From 'dur' (difficult) and root 'gam' (to go).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: gam (class 1)
• gambhīra – deep, profound, solemn
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• parikhā – a moat, a ditch
  noun (feminine)
  From 'pari' (around) and root 'khan' (to dig).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: khan (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied feminine noun (e.g., city).

दुर्गाम् (durgām) - difficult to access, impregnable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durgā

durgā - difficult to access, inaccessible, a fort, a stronghold

Prefix: dur

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied feminine noun (e.g., city).

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others, by different ones

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

दुरासदाम् (durāsadām) - difficult to approach, unattainable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durāsadā

durāsadā - difficult to approach, inaccessible, hard to overcome

Derived from 'dur' (difficult) and 'āsada' (approachable).

Prefix: dur

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied feminine noun (e.g., city).

वाजिवारणसंपूर्णाम् (vājivāraṇasaṁpūrṇām) - filled with horses and elephants

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vājivāraṇasaṃpūrṇā

vājivāraṇasaṁpūrṇā - full of horses and elephants

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vāji+vāraṇa+saṃpūrṇa)

• vāji – a horse
  noun (masculine)
• vāraṇa – an elephant
  noun (masculine)
• saṃpūrṇa – filled, complete, full
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'pṛ' with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied feminine noun (e.g., city).

गोभिः (gobhiḥ) - by cows

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of go

go - a cow, an ox, cattle; ray, light, sun

उष्ट्रैः (uṣṭraiḥ) - by camels

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of uṣṭra

uṣṭra - a camel

खरैः (kharaiḥ) - by donkeys

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of khara

khara - a donkey, an ass; sharp, harsh

तथा (tathā) - and, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)