वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-5, verse-2

येषां स सगरो नाम सागरो येन खानितः ।
षष्टिः पुत्रसहस्राणि यं यान्तं पर्यवारयन् ॥२॥

2. yeṣāṃ sa sagaro nāma sāgaro yena khānitaḥ ,
ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi yaṃ yāntaṃ paryavārayan.

2. yeṣām sa sagaraḥ nāma sāgaraḥ yena khānitaḥ
ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi yam yāntam paryavārayan

2. yeṣām sa sagaraḥ nāma āsīt,
yena sāgaraḥ khānitaḥ.
ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi yam yāntam paryavārayan

2. Among those kings, there was one named Sagara, by whom the ocean was dug. Sixty thousand sons surrounded him as he proceeded.

Words meanings summery:

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, among whom

• स (sa) - he, that

• सगरः (sagaraḥ) - Sagara (name of a king)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - the ocean

• येन (yena) - by whom

• खानितः (khānitaḥ) - dug, excavated

• षष्टिः (ṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty

• पुत्रसहस्राणि (putrasahasrāṇi) - sixty thousand sons (thousands of sons; sixty thousand sons (in context))

• यम् (yam) - whom

• यान्तम् (yāntam) - going, proceeding, moving

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encompassed

Words meanings and morphology

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, among whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, whichever, whoever

Note: Refers to the kings mentioned in the previous verse.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sagara.

सगरः (sagaraḥ) - Sagara (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Sagara (a mythical king of the Ikṣvāku dynasty)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - the ocean

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - the ocean, sea (literally 'with poison', or 'relating to Sagara')

येन (yena) - by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whichever, whoever

Note: Refers to Sagara.

खानितः (khānitaḥ) - dug, excavated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khānita

khānita - dug, excavated

Past Passive Participle

From root √khan 'to dig'

Root: khan (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sāgaraḥ'.

षष्टिः (ṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ṣaṣṭi

ṣaṣṭi - sixty

Note: Grammatically singular, but refers to a plural quantity.

पुत्रसहस्राणि (putrasahasrāṇi) - sixty thousand sons (thousands of sons; sixty thousand sons (in context))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of putrasahasra

putrasahasra - a thousand sons

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (putra+sahasra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the 60,000 sons of Sagara.

यम् (yam) - whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whichever, whoever

Note: Refers to Sagara.

यान्तम् (yāntam) - going, proceeding, moving

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yānt

yānt - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

From root √yā 'to go'

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'yam' (Sagara).

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they encompassed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of pari-ava-vṛ

Root with prefixes pari- and ava-

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)