मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-99, verse-7
ऋचो रजोगुणाः सत्त्वं यजुषां च गुणा मुने ।
तमोगुणानि सामानि तमःसत्त्वमथर्वसु ॥७॥
तमोगुणानि सामानि तमःसत्त्वमथर्वसु ॥७॥
7. ṛco rajoguṇāḥ sattvaṃ yajuṣāṃ ca guṇā mune .
tamoguṇāni sāmāni tamaḥsattvamatharvasu.
tamoguṇāni sāmāni tamaḥsattvamatharvasu.
7.
ṛcaḥ rajoguṇāḥ sattvam yajuṣām ca guṇāḥ mune
tamoguṇāni sāmāni tamaḥsattvam atharvasu
tamoguṇāni sāmāni tamaḥsattvam atharvasu
7.
O sage, the Ṛc verses are characterized by the quality of activity (rajas), and the Yajus verses by the quality of purity (sattva). The Sāma verses are of the quality of darkness (tamas), while the Atharva Veda embodies both the qualities of darkness (tamas) and purity (sattva).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ऋचः (ṛcaḥ) - the Ṛc verses (from the Ṛgveda) (the Ṛc verses, of the Ṛc)
- रजोगुणाः (rajoguṇāḥ) - characterized by the quality of activity (rajas) (having the quality of rajas, associated with rajas)
- सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the quality of purity (sattva) (purity, goodness, the quality of sattva, essence)
- यजुषाम् (yajuṣām) - of the Yajus verses (from the Yajurveda) (of the Yajus verses)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - the quality (qualities, attributes)
- मुने (mune) - O sage
- तमोगुणानि (tamoguṇāni) - of the quality of darkness (tamas) (of the tamas quality, associated with tamas)
- सामानि (sāmāni) - the Sāma verses (from the Sāmaveda) (Sāma verses, songs, chants)
- तमःसत्त्वम् (tamaḥsattvam) - both the qualities of darkness (tamas) and purity (sattva) (the qualities of tamas and sattva, tamas-sattva)
- अथर्वसु (atharvasu) - in the Atharva Veda (in the Atharva Vedas, among the Atharvans)
Words meanings and morphology
ऋचः (ṛcaḥ) - the Ṛc verses (from the Ṛgveda) (the Ṛc verses, of the Ṛc)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of ṛc
ṛc - Ṛc (a Vedic hymn or verse), praise
from root `arc` (to praise)
Root: arc (class 1)
रजोगुणाः (rajoguṇāḥ) - characterized by the quality of activity (rajas) (having the quality of rajas, associated with rajas)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of rajoguṇa
rajoguṇa - having the quality of rajas
`rajas` (activity) + `guṇa` (quality)
Compound type : tatpurusha (rajas+guṇa)
- rajas – activity, passion, dust
noun (neuter)
Root: raj (class 1) - guṇa – quality, attribute, strand
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to `ṛcaḥ`.
सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the quality of purity (sattva) (purity, goodness, the quality of sattva, essence)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva
sattva - purity, goodness, essence
from root `as` (to be) + `tva` (suffix)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Predicate nominative for `guṇāḥ`.
यजुषाम् (yajuṣām) - of the Yajus verses (from the Yajurveda) (of the Yajus verses)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of yajus
yajus - Yajus (a sacrificial formula or prose mantra)
from root `yaj` (to sacrifice)
Root: yaj (class 1)
Note: Possessive, 'of the Yajus'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects `ṛcaḥ` and `yajuṣām`.
गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - the quality (qualities, attributes)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, strand
Note: Acts as the subject for the implied verb 'is', referring to `sattvam`.
मुने (mune) - O sage
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of muni
muni - sage, ascetic, silent one
Root: man (class 4)
तमोगुणानि (tamoguṇāni) - of the quality of darkness (tamas) (of the tamas quality, associated with tamas)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of tamoguṇa
tamoguṇa - having the quality of tamas
`tamas` (darkness) + `guṇa` (quality)
Compound type : tatpurusha (tamas+guṇa)
- tamas – darkness, ignorance, inertia
noun (neuter)
from root `tam` (to be bewildered)
Root: tam (class 4) - guṇa – quality, attribute, strand
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to `sāmāni`.
सामानि (sāmāni) - the Sāma verses (from the Sāmaveda) (Sāma verses, songs, chants)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of sāman
sāman - Sāman (a Vedic hymn or chant), song
Note: Subject of the sentence.
तमःसत्त्वम् (tamaḥsattvam) - both the qualities of darkness (tamas) and purity (sattva) (the qualities of tamas and sattva, tamas-sattva)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tamaḥsattva
tamaḥsattva - a combination of tamas and sattva
compound
Compound type : dvandva (tamas+sattva)
- tamas – darkness, ignorance, inertia
noun (neuter)
from root `tam` (to be bewildered)
Root: tam (class 4) - sattva – purity, goodness, essence
noun (neuter)
from root `as` (to be) + `tva` (suffix)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Predicate nominative for Atharva Veda.
अथर्वसु (atharvasu) - in the Atharva Veda (in the Atharva Vedas, among the Atharvans)
(proper noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of atharvan
atharvan - Atharvan (name of an ancient sage, also refers to Atharva Veda)