मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-38, verse-18
किन्त्वत्र विषयाक्रान्ते स्थैर्यवत्त्वं न चेतसि ।
न चापि वेद्मि मुच्येयं कथं प्रकृतिबन्धनात् ॥१८॥
न चापि वेद्मि मुच्येयं कथं प्रकृतिबन्धनात् ॥१८॥
18. kintvatra viṣayākrānte sthairyavattvaṃ na cetasi .
na cāpi vedmi mucyeyaṃ kathaṃ prakṛtibandhanāt.
na cāpi vedmi mucyeyaṃ kathaṃ prakṛtibandhanāt.
18.
kintu atra viṣayākrānte sthairyamattvam na cetasi
| na ca api vedmi mucyeyam katham prakṛtibandhanāt
| na ca api vedmi mucyeyam katham prakṛtibandhanāt
18.
But in this state, when assailed by sense objects, there is no steadiness (sthairya) in my mind (cetas). Nor do I know how I can be liberated (mokṣa) from the bondage of material nature (prakṛti).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- किन्तु (kintu) - but (but, however)
- अत्र (atra) - in this state, in this situation (here, in this, thereupon)
- विषयाक्रान्ते (viṣayākrānte) - when assailed by sense objects (assailed by sense objects, overcome by objects)
- स्थैर्यमत्त्वम् (sthairyamattvam) - steadiness (the state of possessing steadiness, firmness)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- चेतसि (cetasi) - in my mind (cetas) (in the mind, in the heart, in consciousness)
- न (na) - nor (not, no)
- च (ca) - and (used with 'api' for emphasis) (and, also)
- अपि (api) - also, even (even, also, though)
- वेद्मि (vedmi) - I know (I know, I understand)
- मुच्येयम् (mucyeyam) - I can be liberated (I would be liberated, I should be liberated)
- कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)
- प्रकृतिबन्धनात् (prakṛtibandhanāt) - from the bondage of material nature (prakṛti) (from the bondage of prakṛti)
Words meanings and morphology
किन्तु (kintu) - but (but, however)
(indeclinable)
अत्र (atra) - in this state, in this situation (here, in this, thereupon)
(indeclinable)
Note: Locative adverb, referring to the context.
विषयाक्रान्ते (viṣayākrānte) - when assailed by sense objects (assailed by sense objects, overcome by objects)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of viṣayākrānta
viṣayākrānta - assailed by objects, overcome by sense objects
Past Passive Participle
Compound of viṣaya (sense object) + ākrānta (overcome, assailed, PPP from ā-kram)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣaya+ākrānta)
- viṣaya – object of sense, realm, sphere, matter
noun (masculine) - ākrānta – overcome, assailed, attacked, pervaded
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From ā- + kram (to step, go)
Prefix: ā
Root: kram (class 1)
Note: Functions adverbially, modifying the state of 'cetas' (mind).
स्थैर्यमत्त्वम् (sthairyamattvam) - steadiness (the state of possessing steadiness, firmness)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sthairyamattva
sthairyamattva - steadiness, firmness, stability, the state of possessing stability
Derived from sthira (firm) -> sthairya (steadiness) + vat (possessing) + tva (abstract noun suffix)
Note: Abstract noun indicating the quality or state.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle.
चेतसि (cetasi) - in my mind (cetas) (in the mind, in the heart, in consciousness)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of cetas
cetas - mind, intelligence, heart, consciousness
From root cit (to perceive, understand)
Root: cit (class 1)
Note: Locative case indicates 'in' or 'at'.
न (na) - nor (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with 'ca api' to form 'nor...also'.
च (ca) - and (used with 'api' for emphasis) (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
अपि (api) - also, even (even, also, though)
(indeclinable)
Note: Post-positional particle expressing emphasis or concession. Here 'na ca api' means 'nor do I even'.
वेद्मि (vedmi) - I know (I know, I understand)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid
Special perfect tense (ad-class root, 2nd class) that functions as a present tense.
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: A perfect form often used as a present tense.
मुच्येयम् (mucyeyam) - I can be liberated (I would be liberated, I should be liberated)
(verb)
1st person , singular, passive, optative (vidhiliṅ) of muc
Optative mood, 1st person singular, passive voice.
Root: muc (class 6)
कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb.
प्रकृतिबन्धनात् (prakṛtibandhanāt) - from the bondage of material nature (prakṛti) (from the bondage of prakṛti)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of prakṛtibandhana
prakṛtibandhana - bondage to nature, tie of prakṛti
Compound of prakṛti (nature) + bandhana (bondage)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prakṛti+bandhana)
- prakṛti – nature, primal matter, material cause (prakṛti)
noun (feminine)
From pra- + kṛ (to make, do)
Prefix: pra
Root: kṛ (class 8) - bandhana – binding, bondage, tie, fetter
noun (neuter)
From root bandh (to bind)
Root: bandh (class 9)
Note: Ablative case indicates 'from' or 'out of'.