मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-38, verse-15
कं वा पश्यामि राजेन्द्र प्रधानमिदमावयोः ।
यतः परो हि क्षेत्रज्ञः सङ्घातो हि गुणात्मकः ॥१५॥
यतः परो हि क्षेत्रज्ञः सङ्घातो हि गुणात्मकः ॥१५॥
15. kaṃ vā paśyāmi rājendra pradhānamidamāvayoḥ .
yataḥ paro hi kṣetrajñaḥ saṅghāto hi guṇātmakaḥ.
yataḥ paro hi kṣetrajñaḥ saṅghāto hi guṇātmakaḥ.
15.
kaṃ vā paśyāmi rājendra pradhānam idam āvayoḥ |
yataḥ paraḥ hi kṣetrajñaḥ saṅghātaḥ hi guṇātmakaḥ
yataḥ paraḥ hi kṣetrajñaḥ saṅghātaḥ hi guṇātmakaḥ
15.
O king, what do I consider primary between these two aspects of ours? For indeed, the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) is distinct, while the aggregate (the body-mind complex) is certainly composed of the guṇas.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कं (kaṁ) - what (whom, what)
- वा (vā) - or (indicating an alternative or emphasis) (or, either)
- पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I consider (I see, I perceive, I consider)
- राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king (form of address) (O king of kings, O chief of kings)
- प्रधानम् (pradhānam) - primary, fundamental thing (referring to either the self or the material principle (prakṛti)) (primary, principal, chief, matter, origin)
- इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the topic of discussion: kṣetrajña and saṅghāta) (this)
- आवयोः (āvayoḥ) - of us two (referring to the speaker and the other entity being discussed, perhaps the self and the body/mind) (of us two, for us two)
- यतः (yataḥ) - for, because (from whom, from which, because)
- परः (paraḥ) - distinct, separate (other, distinct, supreme, higher)
- हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, for)
- क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the conscious self, the knower of the body-field (kṣetrajña) (knower of the field)
- सङ्घातः (saṅghātaḥ) - the aggregate of body and mind, the body-mind complex (aggregate, collection, combination, body)
- हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, for)
- गुणात्मकः (guṇātmakaḥ) - constituted of the guṇas (consisting of guṇas, having the nature of guṇas)
Words meanings and morphology
कं (kaṁ) - what (whom, what)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kim
kim - what, who, which
Note: Often used as an interrogative pronoun.
वा (vā) - or (indicating an alternative or emphasis) (or, either)
(indeclinable)
पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I consider (I see, I perceive, I consider)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś
Root dṛś (dr̥ś) changes to paś in present tense. 1st class verb, Parasmaipada.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king (form of address) (O king of kings, O chief of kings)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra
rājendra - king of kings, emperor
Compound of rājan (king) + indra (chief/lord)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)
- rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine) - indra – chief, lord, Indra (name of a deity)
noun (masculine)
Note: Vocative case, used for addressing someone.
प्रधानम् (pradhānam) - primary, fundamental thing (referring to either the self or the material principle (prakṛti)) (primary, principal, chief, matter, origin)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pradhāna
pradhāna - chief, principal, main; primeval matter (prakṛti)
From pra- + dhā (to place)
Prefix: pra
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Can function as a substantive, here 'the primary thing'.
इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the topic of discussion: kṣetrajña and saṅghāta) (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, these
आवयोः (āvayoḥ) - of us two (referring to the speaker and the other entity being discussed, perhaps the self and the body/mind) (of us two, for us two)
(pronoun)
Genitive, dual of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Dual genitive form of the first person pronoun 'asmad'.
यतः (yataḥ) - for, because (from whom, from which, because)
(indeclinable)
Note: An ablative adverb, often used to introduce a reason.
परः (paraḥ) - distinct, separate (other, distinct, supreme, higher)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of para
para - other, distant, foreign, supreme, excellent, ulterior
Note: Qualifies 'kṣetrajñaḥ'.
हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, for)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the conscious self, the knower of the body-field (kṣetrajña) (knower of the field)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña
kṣetrajña - knower of the field, the soul, the individual self, puruṣa
Compound of kṣetra (field/body) + jña (knower)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣetra+jña)
- kṣetra – field, ground, place; the body, the object of knowledge
noun (neuter) - jña – knower, understanding
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root jñā (to know)
Root: jñā (class 9)
सङ्घातः (saṅghātaḥ) - the aggregate of body and mind, the body-mind complex (aggregate, collection, combination, body)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅghāta
saṅghāta - collection, aggregate, mass, body
From sam- + han (to strike, combine) + ghañ (suffix)
Prefix: sam
Root: han (class 2)
हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, surely, for)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
गुणात्मकः (guṇātmakaḥ) - constituted of the guṇas (consisting of guṇas, having the nature of guṇas)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇātmaka
guṇātmaka - consisting of qualities, endowed with qualities, having the nature of guṇas
Compound of guṇa (quality/strand of prakṛti) + ātmaka (constituted of, having the nature of)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (guṇa+ātmaka)
- guṇa – quality, attribute, property; strand, constituent of prakṛti
noun (masculine) - ātmaka – consisting of, having the nature of, relating to the self
adjective (masculine)
From ātman (self) + ka (suffix)
Note: Qualifies 'saṅghātaḥ'.