महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-48, verse-4

अन्वाशिष्म वयमर्जुन त्वयि यियासवो बहु कल्याणमिष्टम् ।
तन्नः सर्वं विफलं राजपुत्र फलार्थिनां निचुल इवातिपुष्पः ॥४॥

4. anvāśiṣma vayamarjuna tvayi; yiyāsavo bahu kalyāṇamiṣṭam ,
tannaḥ sarvaṁ viphalaṁ rājaputra; phalārthināṁ nicula ivātipuṣpaḥ.

4. anvāśiṣma vayam arjuna tvayi
yiyāsavaḥ bahu kalyāṇam iṣṭam tat
naḥ sarvam viphalam rājaputra
phalārthinām niculaḥ iva atipuṣpaḥ

4. arjuna rājaputra vayam tvayi bahu
iṣṭam kalyāṇam yiyāsavaḥ
anvāśiṣma tat naḥ sarvam viphalam
phalārthinām niculaḥ iva atipuṣpaḥ

4. O Arjuna, we desired much good fortune and prosperity for you, wishing to achieve it. O prince, all those aspirations of ours have proven fruitless, just like an excessively flowering *nicula* tree is useless to those seeking fruit.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्वाशिष्म (anvāśiṣma) - we wished, we blessed, we desired

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna

• त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, for you

• यियासवः (yiyāsavaḥ) - wishing to go, desiring to attain, aspiring

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

• कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - welfare, good fortune, prosperity, good

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired, wished, beloved

• तत् (tat) - that, this

• नः (naḥ) - for us (us, our, to us)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole

• विफलम् (viphalam) - fruitless, useless, unsuccessful

• राजपुत्र (rājaputra) - O son of a king, O prince

• फलार्थिनाम् (phalārthinām) - of those desiring fruit, for those seeking results

• निचुलः (niculaḥ) - a Barringtonia acutangula tree

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अतिपुष्पः (atipuṣpaḥ) - excessively flowered, having many flowers

Words meanings and morphology

अन्वाशिष्म (anvāśiṣma) - we wished, we blessed, we desired

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of anvāśiṣ

Imperfect (laṅ-lakāra)

1st person plural active

Prefixes: anu+ā

Root: śās (class 2)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a name), white, silver

त्वयि (tvayi) - in you, for you

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

यियासवः (yiyāsavaḥ) - wishing to go, desiring to attain, aspiring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yiyāsu

yiyāsu - desirous of going, wishing to go, striving for

Desiderative participle

Formed from the desiderative stem of root `yā` (to go, to move, to obtain) + `u` suffix.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam'.

बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant, numerous

Note: Qualifies 'kalyāṇam'.

कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - welfare, good fortune, prosperity, good

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - beautiful, excellent, auspicious, good, welfare, prosperity, virtue

Note: Object of wishing.

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - desired, wished, beloved

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished for, beloved, worshipped, sacrificed

Past Passive Participle

From root `iṣ` (to wish, to desire).

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'kalyāṇam'.

तत् (tat) - that, this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to the 'bahu kalyāṇam iṣṭam'.

नः (naḥ) - for us (us, our, to us)

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Here, implies 'for us' or 'of us'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'tat'.

विफलम् (viphalam) - fruitless, useless, unsuccessful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viphala

viphala - fruitless, barren, useless, unsuccessful

Compound of `vi` (negation/separation) and `phala` (fruit).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (vi+phala)

• vi – apart, away, without, negation
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or separation.
• phala – fruit, result, reward, consequence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective.

राजपुत्र (rājaputra) - O son of a king, O prince

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - son of a king, prince

Compound of `rājan` (king) and `putra` (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.

फलार्थिनाम् (phalārthinām) - of those desiring fruit, for those seeking results

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of phalārthin

phalārthin - one who desires fruit/results/gain

Compound of `phala` (fruit) and `arthin` (desiring).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (phala+arthin)

• phala – fruit, result, reward, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• arthin – one who desires, supplicant, seeker
  adjective
  From `artha` + `in` suffix.

Note: Refers to those who want actual results from the tree.

निचुलः (niculaḥ) - a Barringtonia acutangula tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nicula

nicula - a species of tree (Barringtonia acutangula), often noted for abundant flowers but small or inedible fruit.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अतिपुष्पः (atipuṣpaḥ) - excessively flowered, having many flowers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atipuṣpa

atipuṣpa - having many flowers, excessively flowering

Compound of `ati` (excessively) and `puṣpa` (flower).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ati+puṣpa)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively, very
  indeclinable
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'niculaḥ'.