महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-48, verse-3

मयि प्रतिश्रुत्य वधं हि तस्य बलस्य चाप्तस्य तथैव वीर ।
आनीय नः शत्रुमध्यं स कस्मात्समुत्क्षिप्य स्थण्डिले प्रत्यपिंष्ठाः ॥३॥

3. mayi pratiśrutya vadhaṁ hi tasya; balasya cāptasya tathaiva vīra ,
ānīya naḥ śatrumadhyaṁ sa kasmā;tsamutkṣipya sthaṇḍile pratyapiṁṣṭhāḥ.

3. mayi pratiśrutya vadham hi tasya
balasya ca āttasya tathā eva vīra
ānīya naḥ śatrumadhyam sa kasmāt
samutkṣipya sthaṇḍile prati apiṃṣṭhāḥ

3. vīra mayi tasya vadham hi balasya
ca āttasya tathaiva pratiśrutya naḥ
śatrumadhyam ānīya sa kasmāt
sthaṇḍile samutkṣipya prati apiṃṣṭhāḥ

3. O hero, having indeed promised me his death, and likewise the complete defeat of his strength (or army), why, having brought us into the midst of enemies, did you abandon us on the bare ground, having cast (us) away?

Words meanings summery:

• मयि (mayi) - to me (in me, on me, to me)

• प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised (having promised, having heard back)

• वधम् (vadham) - death, slaying (slaying, killing, destruction)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Karṇa) (his, of him, that)

• बलस्य (balasya) - of his strength (or army) (of strength, of power, of the army)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आत्तस्य (āttasya) - of the completely defeated/taken up (of the seized, of the taken, of the begun)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, and)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just (indeed, only)

• वीर (vīra) - O hero (Arjuna) (O hero, brave man)

• आनीय (ānīya) - having brought (having brought, having led)

• नः (naḥ) - us (us, to us, our)

• शत्रुमध्यम् (śatrumadhyam) - into the midst of enemies

• स (sa) - you (referring to Arjuna, implied by the verb ending) (he, that)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (why, from what)

• समुत्क्षिप्य (samutkṣipya) - having cast away, having abandoned (having thrown away, having cast off, having abandoned)

• स्थण्डिले (sthaṇḍile) - on the bare ground (implying helplessness) (on the bare ground, on a cleared spot, on an altar)

• प्रति अपिंष्ठाः (prati apiṁṣṭhāḥ) - you abandoned (us) (you abandoned, you cast down, you ground back)

Words meanings and morphology

मयि (mayi) - to me (in me, on me, to me)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Used with 'pratiśrutya' (promised to me).

प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised (having promised, having heard back)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √śru (to hear) with prefix `prati-` and suffix -ya (l-yap).

Prefix: prati

Root: śru (class 5)

वधम् (vadham) - death, slaying (slaying, killing, destruction)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - slaying, killing, destruction, blow

From root √vadh (to strike, to kill).

Root: vadh (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis or cause.

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Karṇa) (his, of him, that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

बलस्य (balasya) - of his strength (or army) (of strength, of power, of the army)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, might, force, army

Root: bal (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

आत्तस्य (āttasya) - of the completely defeated/taken up (of the seized, of the taken, of the begun)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of ātta

ātta - taken, seized, received, commenced, begun, assumed

Past Passive Participle

From root `dā` (to give) with prefix `ā-`, or from `ā-dhā` (to take up/assume). Here, it modifies `balasya` and implies 'taken up/destroyed'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, and)

(indeclinable)

Correlative with `yathā`.

एव (eva) - indeed, just (indeed, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

वीर (vīra) - O hero (Arjuna) (O hero, brave man)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Root: vīr (class 10)

आनीय (ānīya) - having brought (having brought, having led)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √nī (to lead) with prefix `ā-` and suffix -ya (l-yap).

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

नः (naḥ) - us (us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of 'ānīya'.

शत्रुमध्यम् (śatrumadhyam) - into the midst of enemies

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śatrumadhya

śatrumadhya - midst of enemies, surrounded by foes

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+madhya)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• madhya – middle, midst, center
  noun (neuter)
  Root: madh

Note: Indicates destination/situation.

स (sa) - you (referring to Arjuna, implied by the verb ending) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (why, from what)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

समुत्क्षिप्य (samutkṣipya) - having cast away, having abandoned (having thrown away, having cast off, having abandoned)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √kṣip (to throw) with prefixes `sam-` and `ut-` and suffix -ya (l-yap).

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: kṣip (class 6)

स्थण्डिले (sthaṇḍile) - on the bare ground (implying helplessness) (on the bare ground, on a cleared spot, on an altar)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sthaṇḍila

sthaṇḍila - bare ground, purified spot, altar, sacrificial ground

Root: sthal (class 1)

प्रति अपिंष्ठाः (prati apiṁṣṭhāḥ) - you abandoned (us) (you abandoned, you cast down, you ground back)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, aorist (luṅ) of prati-ā-piṣ

Aorist Middle Indicative

Second person singular, aorist tense, middle voice. From root `√piṣ` (to crush, grind) with prefixes `prati-` and `ā-`. The form `apiṃṣṭhāḥ` is a specific aorist formation.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: piṣ (class 7)