महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-48, verse-2

इदं यदि द्वैतवने ह्यवक्ष्यः कर्णं योद्धुं न प्रसहे नृपेति ।
वयं तदा प्राप्तकालानि सर्वे वृत्तान्युपैष्याम तदैव पार्थ ॥२॥

2. idaṁ yadi dvaitavane hyavakṣyaḥ; karṇaṁ yoddhuṁ na prasahe nṛpeti ,
vayaṁ tadā prāptakālāni sarve; vṛttānyupaiṣyāma tadaiva pārtha.

2. idam yadi dvaitavane hi avakṣyaḥ
karṇam yoddhum na prasahe nṛpa
iti vayam tadā prāptakālāni sarve
vṛttāni upaiṣyāma tadā eva pārtha

2. pārtha yadi dvaitavane tvam nṛpa iti
idam avakṣyaḥ yat karṇam yoddhum
na prasahe hi tadā vayam sarve
prāptakālāni vṛttāni tadā eva upaiṣyāma

2. If you had indeed said this in Dvitavana – "O King, I cannot bring myself to fight Karṇa" – then, O Pārtha (Arjuna), we would have all undertaken actions suitable for that time.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this, this one)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• द्वैतवने (dvaitavane) - in the Dvitavana (the forest where the Pāṇḍavas spent a part of their exile) (in the Dvitavana forest)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• अवक्ष्यः (avakṣyaḥ) - you had said

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (Karṇa, ear)

• योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight (to fight, in order to fight)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• प्रसहे (prasahe) - I can bring myself (to), I am able (to) (I endure, I tolerate, I am able)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (O king)

• इति (iti) - (marks end of quoted speech) (thus, so, (quotation marker))

• वयम् (vayam) - we (the Pāṇḍavas) (we)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• प्राप्तकालानि (prāptakālāni) - suitable for that time, appropriate (timely, appropriate for the occasion)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of us) (all, every)

• वृत्तानि (vṛttāni) - (appropriate) actions (actions, events, occurrences, conduct)

• उपैष्याम (upaiṣyāma) - we would have undertaken/resorted to (we would have obtained, we would have resorted to)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• एव (eva) - indeed, then and there (indeed, only, just)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna) (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

द्वैतवने (dvaitavane) - in the Dvitavana (the forest where the Pāṇḍavas spent a part of their exile) (in the Dvitavana forest)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvaitavana

dvaitavana - Dvaitavana (name of a forest mentioned in the Mahābhārata)

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvaita+vana)

• dvaita – duality, twofold
  noun (neuter)
  From `dvi` (two) + suffix `ta`.
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van (class 1)

Note: Indicates location.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis or cause.

अवक्ष्यः (avakṣyaḥ) - you had said

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vac

Aorist Conditional (or Aorist Imperfect)

Second person singular, aorist tense (luṅ), conditional mood is implied by context with 'yadi'. Root `√vac` with augment `a-` and `s` aorist ending.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Expresses a past action that did not happen.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (Karṇa, ear)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name), ear

योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight (to fight, in order to fight)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root √yudh with suffix -tum.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Functions as a verbal noun expressing purpose.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

प्रसहे (prasahe) - I can bring myself (to), I am able (to) (I endure, I tolerate, I am able)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-sah

Present Active Indicative

First person singular, present tense, active voice, ātmanepada conjugation. Root `√sah` with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: sah (class 1)

नृप (nṛpa) - O king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

Compound.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
  Shortened form of `nara`.
• pā – to protect, to guard
  verb root
  Root: pā (class 1)

इति (iti) - (marks end of quoted speech) (thus, so, (quotation marker))

(indeclinable)

वयम् (vayam) - we (the Pāṇḍavas) (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'upaiṣyāma'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Correlative of `yadā`.

प्राप्तकालानि (prāptakālāni) - suitable for that time, appropriate (timely, appropriate for the occasion)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - timely, seasonable, arrived at the proper time

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, reached, attained
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `āp` (to obtain) with prefix `pra-`.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time, season, opportune moment
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of us) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'vayam'.

वृत्तानि (vṛttāni) - (appropriate) actions (actions, events, occurrences, conduct)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, action, conduct, event

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

उपैष्याम (upaiṣyāma) - we would have undertaken/resorted to (we would have obtained, we would have resorted to)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, conditional (lṛṅ) of upa-i

Conditional

First person plural, conditional mood. Root `√i` (to go) with prefix `upa-`.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Correlative of `yadā`.

एव (eva) - indeed, then and there (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna) (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a patronymic used for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ suffix.