महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-48, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
श्रुत्वा कर्णं कल्यमुदारवीर्यं क्रुद्धः पार्थः फल्गुनस्यामितौजाः ।
धनंजयं वाक्यमुवाच चेदं युधिष्ठिरः कर्णशराभितप्तः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
śrutvā karṇaṁ kalyamudāravīryaṁ; kruddhaḥ pārthaḥ phalgunasyāmitaujāḥ ,
dhanaṁjayaṁ vākyamuvāca cedaṁ; yudhiṣṭhiraḥ karṇaśarābhitaptaḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca śrutvā karṇam kalyam
udāravīryam kruddhaḥ pārthaḥ phalgunasya
amitaujāḥ dhanañjayam vākyam uvāca
ca idam yudhiṣṭhiraḥ karṇaśarābhitaptaḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca karṇaśarābhitaptaḥ
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ karṇam kalyam udāravīryam
śrutvā kruddhaḥ amitaujāḥ phalgunasya
pārthaḥ dhanañjayam idam vākyam ca uvāca

1. Sanjaya said: Yudhiṣṭhira, tormented by Karṇa's arrows, having heard Karṇa (who was) skillful and of great prowess, then spoke these words to Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), who was angry, a son of Pṛthā (Arjuna), and of immeasurable might.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya, the narrator (Sanjaya (name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (the Kuru warrior) (Karṇa (name), ear)

• कल्यम् (kalyam) - skillful, ready (in battle) (healthy, strong, ready, auspicious, skillful)

• उदारवीर्यम् (udāravīryam) - of great prowess (of great valor, of noble energy, greatly powerful)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry (angered, enraged)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

• फल्गुनस्य (phalgunasya) - (of) Phalguna (another name for Arjuna) (of Phalguna, of Arjuna)

• अमितौजाः (amitaujāḥ) - of immeasurable might (of immeasurable strength, of boundless vigor)

• धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), conqueror of wealth)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (speech, word, sentence)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he said, he spoke)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, this one)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (Yudhiṣṭhira (name))

• कर्णशराभितप्तः (karṇaśarābhitaptaḥ) - tormented by Karṇa's arrows (scorched by Karṇa's arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya, the narrator (Sanjaya (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and advisor)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Third person singular, perfect tense (lit), active voice, parasmaipada. Formed with reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (the Kuru warrior) (Karṇa (name), ear)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a prominent warrior), ear

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

कल्यम् (kalyam) - skillful, ready (in battle) (healthy, strong, ready, auspicious, skillful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalya

kalya - healthy, strong, well, skillful, ready, auspicious

Root: kal (class 1)

उदारवीर्यम् (udāravīryam) - of great prowess (of great valor, of noble energy, greatly powerful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udāravīrya

udāravīrya - of great valor, noble energy, magnanimous

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udāra+vīrya)

• udāra – noble, exalted, generous, great
  adjective (masculine)
• vīrya – valor, heroism, strength, energy, prowess
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vīr (class 10)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry (angered, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, offended

Past Passive Participle

From root √krudh (to be angry) with suffix -ta.

Root: krudh (class 4)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a patronymic used for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ suffix.

Note: Qualifies Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) implicitly.

फल्गुनस्य (phalgunasya) - (of) Phalguna (another name for Arjuna) (of Phalguna, of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Phalguna (another name for Arjuna), name of a month

Note: Could be possessive or adjectival, implying 'the one known as Phalguna'.

अमितौजाः (amitaujāḥ) - of immeasurable might (of immeasurable strength, of boundless vigor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amitaujas

amitaujas - of immeasurable strength/vigor, immensely powerful

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+ojas)

• amita – unmeasured, immeasurable, boundless
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from `a-` (negation) + root `mā` (to measure) + `ta`.
  Root: mā (class 2)
• ojas – strength, vigor, might, power
  noun (neuter)

धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), conqueror of wealth)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth (an epithet of Arjuna), fire

Compound.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jay)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• jay – to conquer, to win
  verb root
  Root: ji (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (speech, word, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, discourse

From `vāc` (speech) with suffix `ya`.

Root: vac (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Third person singular, perfect tense (lit), active voice, parasmaipada. Formed with reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb for Yudhiṣṭhira's action.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the statement with the previous action or emphasizes 'this'.

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the following speech.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (Yudhiṣṭhira (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava, steadfast in battle)

Compound.

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of `yudh` (battle).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, steadfast
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `sthā` (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

कर्णशराभितप्तः (karṇaśarābhitaptaḥ) - tormented by Karṇa's arrows (scorched by Karṇa's arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇaśarābhitapta

karṇaśarābhitapta - tormented/scorched by Karṇa's arrows

Compound.

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (karṇa+śara+abhitapta)

• karṇa – Karṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 1)
• abhitapta – scorched, tormented, heated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `tap` (to heat, suffer) with prefix `abhi-`.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: tap (class 1)