महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-48, verse-13

त्वष्ट्रा कृतं वाहमकूजनाक्षं शुभं समास्थाय कपिध्वजं त्वम् ।
खड्गं गृहीत्वा हेमचित्रं समिद्धं धनुश्चेदं गाण्डिवं तालमात्रम् ।
स केशवेनोह्यमानः कथं नु कर्णाद्भीतो व्यपयातोऽसि पार्थ ॥१३॥

13. tvaṣṭrā kṛtaṁ vāhamakūjanākṣaṁ; śubhaṁ samāsthāya kapidhvajaṁ tvam ,
khaḍgaṁ gṛhītvā hemacitraṁ samiddhaṁ; dhanuścedaṁ gāṇḍivaṁ tālamātram ,
sa keśavenohyamānaḥ kathaṁ nu; karṇādbhīto vyapayāto'si pārtha.

13. tvaṣṭrā kṛtam vāham akūjanākṣam śubham samāsthāya
kapidhvajam tvam | khaḍgam gṛhītvā hemacitram samiddham
dhanuḥ ca idam gāṇḍīvam tālamātram | saḥ keśavena
uhyamānaḥ katham nu karṇāt bhītaḥ vyapayātaḥ asi pārtha

13. pārtha,
tvam tvaṣṭrā kṛtam akūjanākṣam śubham kapidhvajam vāham samāsthāya,
hemacitram khaḍgam gṛhītvā,
ca idam tālamātram samiddham gāṇḍīvam dhanuḥ (gṛhītvā ca),
saḥ keśavena uhyamānaḥ (san),
karṇāt bhītaḥ (san),
katham nu vyapayātaḥ asi?

13. How could you, O Pārtha (Arjuna), after mounting that auspicious chariot — crafted by Tvaṣṭā, with silent wheels, and bearing the monkey banner — and having taken this magnificent, gold-adorned sword and this blazing Gāṇḍīva bow, as tall as a palm tree, how could you, being driven by Keśava (Kṛṣṇa) himself, flee, terrified of Karṇa?

Words meanings summery:

• त्वष्ट्रा (tvaṣṭrā) - by Tvaṣṭā (the divine architect)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - made, created, done

• वाहम् (vāham) - chariot, vehicle

• अकूजनाक्षम् (akūjanākṣam) - with silent axles/wheels, not creaking-axled

• शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, beautiful, propitious

• समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended, having resorted to

• कपिध्वजम् (kapidhvajam) - Arjuna's chariot with Hanumān on its banner (bearing the monkey banner)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having grasped

• हेमचित्रम् (hemacitram) - gold-adorned, variegated with gold

• समिद्धम् (samiddham) - blazing, inflamed, radiant

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• च (ca) - and

• इदम् (idam) - this

• गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - the Gāṇḍīva (bow)

• तालमात्रम् (tālamātram) - as tall as a palm tree, palm-tree high

• सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (implicit subject) (he, that one)

• केशवेन (keśavena) - by Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

• उह्यमानः (uhyamānaḥ) - being driven, being carried

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• नु (nu) - indeed, then, now (interrogative particle)

• कर्णात् (karṇāt) - from Karṇa

• भीतः (bhītaḥ) - afraid, terrified

• व्यपयातः (vyapayātaḥ) - fled, departed, gone away

• असि (asi) - you are

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वष्ट्रा (tvaṣṭrā) - by Tvaṣṭā (the divine architect)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tvaṣṭṛ

tvaṣṭṛ - Tvaṣṭā (divine artisan or architect, often associated with Viśvakarman)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - made, created, done

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वाहम् (vāham) - chariot, vehicle

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāha

vāha - chariot, vehicle, bearer

From root vah (to carry).

Root: vah (class 1)

अकूजनाक्षम् (akūjanākṣam) - with silent axles/wheels, not creaking-axled

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akūjanākṣa

akūjanākṣa - having silent axles, with axles that do not creak

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kūjana+akṣa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kūjana – creaking, chirping, humming
  noun (neuter)
  From root kūj (to hum, make a noise).
  Root: kūj (class 1)
• akṣa – axle, wheel, axis
  noun (masculine)

शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious, beautiful, propitious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious

समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended, having resorted to

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam- and ā-, and suffix -ya.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

कपिध्वजम् (kapidhvajam) - Arjuna's chariot with Hanumān on its banner (bearing the monkey banner)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kapidhvaja

kapidhvaja - having a monkey for a banner

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kapi+dhvaja)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, rhinoceros

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having grasped

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root grah (to seize, take) with suffix -tvā.

Root: grah (class 9)

हेमचित्रम् (hemacitram) - gold-adorned, variegated with gold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hemacitra

hemacitra - adorned with gold, brilliantly golden

Compound type : tatpurusha (heman+citra)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• citra – variegated, brilliant, adorned, wonderful
  adjective (neuter)

समिद्धम् (samiddham) - blazing, inflamed, radiant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samiddha

samiddha - kindled, inflamed, blazing, radiant

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root indh (to kindle) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: indh (class 7)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - the Gāṇḍīva (bow)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's celebrated bow)

तालमात्रम् (tālamātram) - as tall as a palm tree, palm-tree high

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tālamātra

tālamātra - measuring a palm-tree's height

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tāla+mātra)

• tāla – palm tree, palmyra tree
  noun (masculine)
• mātra – measure, amount, as much as, merely
  noun (neuter)

सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (implicit subject) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

केशवेन (keśavena) - by Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)

उह्यमानः (uhyamānaḥ) - being driven, being carried

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uhyamāna

uhyamāna - being carried, being driven

present passive participle

Present passive participle of root vah (to carry, drive).

Root: vah (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - indeed, then, now (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

कर्णात् (karṇāt) - from Karṇa

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (a prominent warrior in the Mahābhārata)

भीतः (bhītaḥ) - afraid, terrified

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, terrified, afraid

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

व्यपयातः (vyapayātaḥ) - fled, departed, gone away

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyapayāta

vyapayāta - gone away, departed, fled

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root yā (to go) with prefixes vi- and apa-.

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: yā (class 2)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (an epithet for Arjuna and other Pāṇḍavas)

Derived from Pṛthā with patronymic suffix aṇ.