महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-28, verse-5

उद्धरेदात्मनात्मानं नात्मानमवसादयेत् ।
आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मनः ॥५॥

5. uddharedātmanātmānaṁ nātmānamavasādayet ,
ātmaiva hyātmano bandhurātmaiva ripurātmanaḥ.

5. uddharet ātmanā ātmānam na ātmānam avasādayet ātmā
eva hi ātmanaḥ bandhuḥ ātmā eva ripuḥ ātmanaḥ

5. ātmanā ātmānam uddharet ātmānam na avasādayet hi
ātmā eva ātmanaḥ bandhuḥ ātmā eva ātmanaḥ ripuḥ

5. One should uplift the self (ātman) by the self (ātman), and not degrade the self (ātman). For indeed, the self (ātman) alone is the friend of the self, and the self (ātman) alone is the enemy of the self.

Words meanings summery:

• उद्धरेत् (uddharet) - one should uplift, one should rescue

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the self, by oneself

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself, the self

• न (na) - not, no

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself, the self

• अवसादयेत् (avasādayet) - one should degrade, one should depress, one should lower

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the self, soul

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - friend, kinsman, relative

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the self, soul

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• रिपुः (ripuḥ) - enemy, foe

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself

Words meanings and morphology

उद्धरेत् (uddharet) - one should uplift, one should rescue

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ud-dhṛ

Optative 3rd person singular from root dhṛ (to hold, to bear) with prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the self, by oneself

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind, Brahman

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself, the self

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind, Brahman

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself, the self

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind, Brahman

अवसादयेत् (avasādayet) - one should degrade, one should depress, one should lower

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ava-sad

Causative Optative

Causative optative 3rd person singular from root sad (to sink) with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Causative stem: avasāda-.

आत्मा (ātmā) - the self, soul

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind, Brahman

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

(indeclinable)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind, Brahman

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - friend, kinsman, relative

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - friend, kinsman, relative, connection

Derived from root bandh (to bind)

Root: bandh (class 9)

आत्मा (ātmā) - the self, soul

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind, Brahman

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

रिपुः (ripuḥ) - enemy, foe

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind, Brahman