महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-25, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
समागताः पाण्डवाः सृञ्जयाश्च जनार्दनो युयुधानो विराटः ।
यत्ते वाक्यं धृतराष्ट्रानुशिष्टं गावल्गणे ब्रूहि तत्सूतपुत्र ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
samāgatāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ sṛñjayāśca; janārdano yuyudhāno virāṭaḥ ,
yatte vākyaṁ dhṛtarāṣṭrānuśiṣṭaṁ; gāvalgaṇe brūhi tatsūtaputra.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca samāgatāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ
sṛñjayāḥ ca janārdanaḥ yuyudhānaḥ
virāṭaḥ yat te vākyam dhṛtarāṣṭra
anuśiṣṭam gāvalgaṇe brūhi tat sūtaputra

1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: 'The Pāṇḍavas, the Sṛñjayas, Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa), Yuyudhāna, and Virāṭa have all assembled. O son of Gavalgaṇa, please relate the message that Dhṛtarāṣṭra instructed you with, O son of a charioteer!'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - assembled, arrived, gathered

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

• सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - the Sṛñjayas (a warrior clan allied with the Pāṇḍavas)

• च (ca) - and, also

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Referring to Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana (a name of Kṛṣṇa, destroyer of evil people))

• युयुधानः (yuyudhānaḥ) - Referring to Sātyaki, a Vṛṣṇi warrior and Kṛṣṇa's charioteer (Yuyudhāna (another name for Sātyaki))

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virāṭa (King of the Matsya kingdom)

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that which

• ते (te) - Referring to Sañjaya (as the recipient of instruction) (to you, by you)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, message

• धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - As the agent of the instruction 'anuśiṣṭam' (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• अनुशिष्टम् (anuśiṣṭam) - instructed, advised, commanded

• गावल्गणे (gāvalgaṇe) - Addressing Sañjaya, the charioteer and messenger (O son of Gavalgaṇa (Sañjaya))

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, relate (imperative)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the message ('vākyam') (that)

• सूतपुत्र (sūtaputra) - Addressing Sañjaya, whose father was a charioteer (O son of a charioteer)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (lit. 'steady in battle', name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Aluk-tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - assembled, arrived, gathered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - come together, assembled, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu (Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva)

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - the Sṛñjayas (a warrior clan allied with the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - name of an ancient warrior tribe or king, allied with the Pāṇḍavas

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Referring to Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana (a name of Kṛṣṇa, destroyer of evil people))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janārdana (lit. 'he who is solicited by men' or 'punisher of men'; an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

Upapada tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (jana+ardana)

• jana – person, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• ardana – tormenting, afflicting, destroying
  adjective/noun (masculine/neuter)
  Agent noun/verbal adjective
  From root ard (to pain, afflict)
  Root: ard (class 10)

युयुधानः (yuyudhānaḥ) - Referring to Sātyaki, a Vṛṣṇi warrior and Kṛṣṇa's charioteer (Yuyudhāna (another name for Sātyaki))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - Yuyudhāna (name of Sātyaki, a hero of the Yadu dynasty)

Root: yudh (class 4)

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virāṭa (King of the Matsya kingdom)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virāṭa (name of the king of the Matsyas, ally of the Pāṇḍavas)

यत् (yat) - what, which, that which

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

ते (te) - Referring to Sañjaya (as the recipient of instruction) (to you, by you)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, message

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence, message

From root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - As the agent of the instruction 'anuśiṣṭam' (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

Note: Used as a nominal agent with a participle.

अनुशिष्टम् (anuśiṣṭam) - instructed, advised, commanded

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuśiṣṭa

anuśiṣṭa - instructed, taught, advised, commanded

Past Passive Participle

From root śās (to teach, instruct) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vākyam'

गावल्गणे (gāvalgaṇe) - Addressing Sañjaya, the charioteer and messenger (O son of Gavalgaṇa (Sañjaya))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gāvalgaṇa

gāvalgaṇa - descendant of Gavalgaṇa (a patronymic for Sañjaya)

Patronymic

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, relate (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

तत् (tat) - Refers to the message ('vākyam') (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

सूतपुत्र (sūtaputra) - Addressing Sañjaya, whose father was a charioteer (O son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, one born of a Kṣatriya father and Brāhmaṇa mother
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)