महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-21, verse-18

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
धृतराष्ट्रस्ततो भीष्ममनुमान्य प्रसाद्य च ।
अवभर्त्स्य च राधेयमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१८॥

18. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
dhṛtarāṣṭrastato bhīṣmamanumānya prasādya ca ,
avabhartsya ca rādheyamidaṁ vacanamabravīt.

18. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ tataḥ bhīṣmam anumānya
prasādya ca avabhartsya ca rādheyam idam vacanam abravīt

18. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Thereupon, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, having shown respect and appeased Bhīṣma, and also having reprimanded Karṇa, spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (accusative)

• अनुमान्य (anumānya) - having respected, having honored, having assented to

• प्रसाद्य (prasādya) - having appeased, having propitiated, having made calm

• च (ca) - and

• अवभर्त्स्य (avabhartsya) - having rebuked, having reproached

• च (ca) - and

• राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Rādhā's son (Karṇa)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vyāsa's disciple, narrator of Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active, from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (blind king of the Kurus)

Compound: dhṛta (held/supported) + rāṣṭra (kingdom), meaning 'he who upholds the kingdom'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, supported
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma

अनुमान्य (anumānya) - having respected, having honored, having assented to

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with prefix anu + root man + suffix -ya

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)

प्रसाद्य (prasādya) - having appeased, having propitiated, having made calm

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with prefix pra + root sad (causative) + suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'anumānya' and 'prasādya'.

अवभर्त्स्य (avabhartsya) - having rebuked, having reproached

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with prefix ava + root bharts + suffix -ya

Prefix: ava

Root: bharts (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the actions involving Bhīṣma and Karṇa.

राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Rādhā's son (Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Rādhā, Karṇa

Patronymic from Rādhā

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active

Root: vac (class 2)