महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-20, verse-5

धृतराष्ट्रस्य ये पुत्रास्ते प्राप्ताः पैतृकं वसु ।
पाण्डुपुत्राः कथं नाम न प्राप्ताः पैतृकं वसु ॥५॥

5. dhṛtarāṣṭrasya ye putrāste prāptāḥ paitṛkaṁ vasu ,
pāṇḍuputrāḥ kathaṁ nāma na prāptāḥ paitṛkaṁ vasu.

5. dhṛtarāṣṭrasya ye putrāḥ te prāptāḥ paitṛkam vasu
pāṇḍuputrāḥ katham nāma na prāptāḥ paitṛkam vasu

5. How is it that Dhritarashtra's sons received the ancestral property, but Pandu's sons did not receive the ancestral property?

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• ते (te) - they, those

• प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained, received

• पैतृकम् (paitṛkam) - ancestral, paternal

• वसु (vasu) - wealth, property

• पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - sons of Pandu, the Pandavas

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name (emphatic particle)

• न (na) - not

• प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained, received

• पैतृकम् (paitṛkam) - ancestral, paternal

• वसु (vasu) - wealth, property

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper name)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained, received

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, acquired, received

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root āp- ('to obtain') with the prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāḥ'.

पैतृकम् (paitṛkam) - ancestral, paternal

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paitṛka

paitṛka - paternal, ancestral, inherited from father

Derived from pitṛ ('father') with suffix -ka.

Note: Agrees with 'vasu'.

वसु (vasu) - wealth, property

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vasu

vasu - wealth, riches, property, treasure

पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - sons of Pandu, the Pandavas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained, received

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, acquired, received

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root āp- ('to obtain') with the prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍuputrāḥ'.

पैतृकम् (paitṛkam) - ancestral, paternal

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paitṛka

paitṛka - paternal, ancestral, inherited from father

Derived from pitṛ ('father') with suffix -ka.

Note: Agrees with 'vasu'.

वसु (vasu) - wealth, property

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vasu

vasu - wealth, riches, property, treasure