महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-156, verse-8

संजय उवाच ।
त्वद्युक्तोऽयमनुप्रश्नो महाराज यथार्हसि ।
न तु दुर्योधने दोषमिममासक्तुमर्हसि ।
शृणुष्वानवशेषेण वदतो मम पार्थिव ॥८॥

8. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tvadyukto'yamanupraśno mahārāja yathārhasi ,
na tu duryodhane doṣamimamāsaktumarhasi ,
śṛṇuṣvānavaśeṣeṇa vadato mama pārthiva.

8. sañjaya uvāca | tvat yuktaḥ ayam anuprasnaḥ
mahārāja yathā arhasi | na tu
duryodhane doṣam imam āsaktum arhasi |
śṛṇuṣva anavaśeṣeṇa vadataḥ mama pārthiva

8. sañjaya uvāca mahārāja tvat yuktaḥ ayam
anuprasnaḥ yathā arhasi na tu
duryodhane imam doṣam āsaktum arhasi pārthiva
mama vadataḥ anavaśeṣeṇa śṛṇuṣva

8. Sanjaya said: O great king (mahārāja), this question of yours is appropriate, as it is fitting for you. However, you should not attribute this fault to Duryodhana. O ruler of the earth (pārthiva), listen to me completely as I speak.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya, the charioteer and narrator of the Mahābhārata (Sanjaya (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• त्वत् (tvat) - by you, from you, your

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - appropriate, fit (joined, endowed with, appropriate, fit)

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• अनुप्रस्नः (anuprasnaḥ) - subsequent question, inquiry, question

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as (as, according to, just as)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are fitting, you ought to (ask) (you are worthy, you deserve, you ought to)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तु (tu) - but, however (but, on the other hand, however)

• दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - in Duryodhana

• दोषम् (doṣam) - fault (fault, blame, sin)

• इमम् (imam) - this (fault) (this)

• आसक्तुम् (āsaktum) - to attribute, to fasten (to attribute, to fix, to attach)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought to (attribute) (you are worthy, you deserve, you ought to)

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (to me) (listen, hear (imperative))

• अनवशेषेण (anavaśeṣeṇa) - completely (without remainder, completely, entirely)

• वदतः (vadataḥ) - of me speaking (speaking, telling (genitive singular))

• मम (mama) - of me (my, of me)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O ruler of the earth, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya, the charioteer and narrator of the Mahābhārata (Sanjaya (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (a proper name)

Root: saṃ-ji

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

त्वत् (tvat) - by you, from you, your

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: This is part of a compound 'tvadyukta'.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - appropriate, fit (joined, endowed with, appropriate, fit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, endowed with, appropriate, suitable

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अनुप्रस्नः (anuprasnaḥ) - subsequent question, inquiry, question

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuprasna

anuprasna - question, inquiry, subsequent question

Prefix: anu

Root: praś (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as (as, according to, just as)

(indeclinable)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are fitting, you ought to (ask) (you are worthy, you deserve, you ought to)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present active indicative

2nd person singular present active of √arh (Class 1)

Root: arh (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, however (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - in Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

Note: Refers to the Kaurava prince.

दोषम् (doṣam) - fault (fault, blame, sin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, sin, error, blame

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of 'āsaktum'.

इमम् (imam) - this (fault) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'doṣam'.

आसक्तुम् (āsaktum) - to attribute, to fasten (to attribute, to fix, to attach)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of āsak

infinitive

Infinitive form of √sañj with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: sañj (class 1)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought to (attribute) (you are worthy, you deserve, you ought to)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present active indicative

2nd person singular present active of √arh (Class 1)

Root: arh (class 1)

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (to me) (listen, hear (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative middle voice

2nd person singular imperative middle voice of √śru (Class 5)

Root: śru (class 5)

अनवशेषेण (anavaśeṣeṇa) - completely (without remainder, completely, entirely)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anavaśeṣa

anavaśeṣa - without remainder, entire, complete

Formed by prefix 'an' (negation) + 'avaśeṣa' (remainder).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+avaśeṣa)

• an – not, without
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• avaśeṣa – remainder, residue
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Used adverbially.

वदतः (vadataḥ) - of me speaking (speaking, telling (genitive singular))

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, telling

present active participle

Present active participle of √vad (Class 1)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mama'.

मम (mama) - of me (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agrees with 'vadataḥ'.

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O ruler of the earth, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - ruler of the earth, king, princely

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ (secondary suffix).