महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-156, verse-4

दिष्टमेव परं मन्ये पौरुषं चाप्यनर्थकम् ।
यदहं जानमानोऽपि युद्धदोषान्क्षयोदयान् ॥४॥

4. diṣṭameva paraṁ manye pauruṣaṁ cāpyanarthakam ,
yadahaṁ jānamāno'pi yuddhadoṣānkṣayodayān.

4. diṣṭam eva param manye pauruṣam ca api anarthakam
| yat aham jānamānaḥ api yuddhadoṣān kṣayodayān

4. aham diṣṭam eva param manye,
pauruṣam ca api anarthakam.
yat (aham) yuddhadoṣān kṣayodayān jānamānaḥ api (asmi)

4. I certainly consider fate (diṣṭa) to be supreme, and human effort (pauruṣa) to be futile. This is because, even though I am aware of the defects of war—its destruction and its outcomes (kṣayodayān)—

Words meanings summery:

• दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - fate, destiny, decreed, appointed

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, just

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate, greatest

• मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think, I believe

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - human effort, manliness, valor, energy

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, though

• अनर्थकम् (anarthakam) - useless, fruitless, meaningless, ineffectual

• यत् (yat) - because, since, that (conjunction)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• जानमानः (jānamānaḥ) - knowing, being aware, understanding

• अपि (api) - even, though, also

• युद्धदोषान् (yuddhadoṣān) - faults of war, evils of battle

• क्षयोदयान् (kṣayodayān) - destruction and outcomes (of war) (destruction and gain/rise, decline and prosperity, loss and success)

Words meanings and morphology

दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - fate, destiny, decreed, appointed

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of diṣṭa

diṣṭa - fate, destiny; appointed, decreed; directed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'diś' (to point, show, assign).

Root: diś (class 6)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, just

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, ultimate, greatest

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate; other, next; enemy

Note: Agrees with 'diṣṭam'.

मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think, I believe

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - human effort, manliness, valor, energy

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - human effort, manliness, valor, energy, masculinity

Derived from 'puruṣa' (person, man).

Note: Object of 'manye' (implied).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, though

(indeclinable)

अनर्थकम् (anarthakam) - useless, fruitless, meaningless, ineffectual

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anarthaka

anarthaka - useless, fruitless, meaningless, ineffectual, absurd

Compound of 'an' (negative) + 'artha' (purpose/meaning) + 'ka' (suffix).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+artha+ka)

• an – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
• ka – suffix forming adjectives
  indeclinable
  Suffix indicating 'having' or 'relating to'.

Note: Agrees with 'pauruṣam'.

यत् (yat) - because, since, that (conjunction)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as a causal conjunction.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I

जानमानः (jānamānaḥ) - knowing, being aware, understanding

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānamāna

jānamāna - knowing, perceiving, understanding

Present Middle Participle

From root 'jñā' (to know) in the ātmanepada.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

अपि (api) - even, though, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms 'even though' with the participle.

युद्धदोषान् (yuddhadoṣān) - faults of war, evils of battle

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yuddhadoṣa

yuddhadoṣa - faults/evils of war

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+doṣa)

• yuddha – war, battle, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, evil
  noun (masculine)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of 'jānamānaḥ'.

क्षयोदयान् (kṣayodayān) - destruction and outcomes (of war) (destruction and gain/rise, decline and prosperity, loss and success)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṣayodaya

kṣayodaya - destruction and gain/rise, decline and prosperity

Compound type : dvandva (kṣaya+udaya)

• kṣaya – destruction, loss, decay
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṣi' (to destroy, diminish).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• udaya – rise, coming forth, prosperity, gain, outcome
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ud'.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Parallel object to 'yuddhadoṣān'.