महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-14, verse-12

किमर्थमसि संप्राप्ता विज्ञातश्च कथं त्वहम् ।
ततः सा कथयामास नहुषस्य विचेष्टितम् ॥१२॥

12. kimarthamasi saṁprāptā vijñātaśca kathaṁ tvaham ,
tataḥ sā kathayāmāsa nahuṣasya viceṣṭitam.

12. kimartham asi samprāptā vijñātaḥ ca katham tu
aham tataḥ sā kathayāmāsa nahuṣasya viceṣṭitam

12. "For what reason have you arrived, and how have you come to know me?" Then she recounted Nahuṣa's improper conduct.

Words meanings summery:

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose, why

• असि (asi) - you are

• सम्प्राप्ता (samprāptā) - arrived, obtained

• विज्ञातः (vijñātaḥ) - known, recognized

• च (ca) - and, also

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, yet

• अहम् (aham) - I

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - narrated, told

• नहुषस्य (nahuṣasya) - of Nahuṣa

• विचेष्टितम् (viceṣṭitam) - improper conduct, misdeed

Words meanings and morphology

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose, why

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artham)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

सम्प्राप्ता (samprāptā) - arrived, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - arrived, obtained, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp with upasargas sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

विज्ञातः (vijñātaḥ) - known, recognized

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijñāta

vijñāta - known, understood, recognized

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jñā with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - indeed, but, yet

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - narrated, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kathayā

Causative verb

Causative stem from root kath (10th class equivalent)

Root: kath (class 10)

नहुषस्य (nahuṣasya) - of Nahuṣa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (a mythical king, temporarily usurped Indra's throne)

विचेष्टितम् (viceṣṭitam) - improper conduct, misdeed

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viceṣṭita

viceṣṭita - improper conduct, misdeed, activity, gesture

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root ceṣṭ with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)