महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-124, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
धृतराष्ट्रवचः श्रुत्वा भीष्मद्रोणौ समर्थ्य तौ ।
दुर्योधनमिदं वाक्यमूचतुः शासनातिगम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
dhṛtarāṣṭravacaḥ śrutvā bhīṣmadroṇau samarthya tau ,
duryodhanamidaṁ vākyamūcatuḥ śāsanātigam.

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca dhṛtarāṣṭravacaḥ śrutvā bhīṣmadroṇau
samarthya tau duryodhanam idam vākyam ūcatuḥ śāsanātigam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard Dhṛtarāṣṭra's words, Bhīṣma and Droṇa, after considering them, spoke these words to Duryodhana, who was disregarding their advice.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• धृतराष्ट्रवचः (dhṛtarāṣṭravacaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra's words, speech of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa

• समर्थ्य (samarthya) - having considered, having supported, having assented

• तौ (tau) - those two, they (dual)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they two said, spoke

• शासनातिगम् (śāsanātigam) - to him who was transgressing their advice/command (who transgressed command, disobedient)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

धृतराष्ट्रवचः (dhṛtarāṣṭravacaḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra's words, speech of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭravacas

dhṛtarāṣṭravacas - speech of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhṛtarāṣṭra+vacas)

• dhṛtarāṣṭra – name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The compound is a Genitive Tatpurusha, 'Dhṛtarāṣṭra's speech'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhīṣmadroṇa

bhīṣmadroṇa - Bhīṣma and Droṇa

Compound type : dvandva (bhīṣma+droṇa)

• bhīṣma – name of the grand-uncle of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas
  proper noun (masculine)
• droṇa – name of the royal preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Dvandva compound.

समर्थ्य (samarthya) - having considered, having supported, having assented

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from root arth with prefix sam- and suffix -ya

Prefix: sam

Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Often used in the sense of 'having approved/assented' or 'having considered/reflected upon'.

तौ (tau) - those two, they (dual)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma and Droṇa.

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - to Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - name of the eldest Kaurava prince

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Root: vac

ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they two said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शासनातिगम् (śāsanātigam) - to him who was transgressing their advice/command (who transgressed command, disobedient)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāsanātiga

śāsanātiga - transgressing command/rule

Compound type : tatpurusha (śāsana+atiga)

• śāsana – command, rule, instruction, advice
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās
• atiga – transgressing, passing beyond
  adjective (masculine)
  from root gam with prefix ati-
  Prefix: ati
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana.