महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-6, verse-12

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
आप्तो विवादः परमो विशां पते न विद्यते किंचन मत्स्य हीनतः ।
न मे जितः कश्चन धारयेद्धनं वरो ममैषोऽस्तु तव प्रसादतः ॥१२॥

12. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
āpto vivādaḥ paramo viśāṁ pate; na vidyate kiṁcana matsya hīnataḥ ,
na me jitaḥ kaścana dhārayeddhanaṁ; varo mamaiṣo'stu tava prasādataḥ.

12. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | āptaḥ vivādaḥ paramaḥ
viśām pate na vidyate kiṃcana matsya
hīnataḥ | na me jitaḥ kaścana dhārayet
dhanam varaḥ mama eṣaḥ astu tava prasādataḥ

12. Yudhishthira said: O Lord of the people, a great dispute has arisen. There is nothing that exists without the Matsya (king's) authority. Let this be my boon, granted by your grace: no one whom I defeat (in gambling) shall retain their wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आप्तः (āptaḥ) - obtained, arrived, occurred, arisen

• विवादः (vivādaḥ) - dispute, controversy, quarrel

• परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, greatest

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• न (na) - not

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

• किंचन (kiṁcana) - anything, whatsoever, something

• मत्स्य (matsya) - the Matsya king or his authority (fish, the Matsya kingdom/people/king)

• हीनतः (hīnataḥ) - due to the lack of the Matsya (king's authority/presence) (from lack of, due to the absence of, without)

• न (na) - not

• मे (me) - by me, my, of me

• जितः (jitaḥ) - one whom I have defeated (defeated, conquered)

• कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone, someone, whatsoever

• धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should hold, should keep

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, property

• वरः (varaḥ) - boon, request

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• प्रसादतः (prasādataḥ) - by grace, from grace, due to grace

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, name of the eldest Pandava

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आप्तः (āptaḥ) - obtained, arrived, occurred, arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpta

āpta - obtained, reached, arisen, fit, proper

Past Passive Participle

Root: āp (class 5)

विवादः (vivādaḥ) - dispute, controversy, quarrel

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivāda

vivāda - dispute, contention, controversy

Prefix: vi

Root: vad (class 1)

परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, greatest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, chief, highest, ultimate

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, a specific social class (vaiśya)

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

किंचन (kiṁcana) - anything, whatsoever, something

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kiṃcana

kiṁcana - anything, whatsoever, something

मत्स्य (matsya) - the Matsya king or his authority (fish, the Matsya kingdom/people/king)

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - fish, the Matsya kingdom, the king of the Matsyas

Note: Used here in a compound or as part of an ablative construction, referring to the Matsya king or his authority.

हीनतः (hīnataḥ) - due to the lack of the Matsya (king's authority/presence) (from lack of, due to the absence of, without)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Formed with the ablative suffix -taḥ, meaning 'from' or 'due to'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - by me, my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

जितः (jitaḥ) - one whom I have defeated (defeated, conquered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, subdued, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Root: ji (class 1)

कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone, someone, whatsoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścana

kaścana - anyone, someone, whatsoever

धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should hold, should keep

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dhāray

causative of dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, property

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

वरः (varaḥ) - boon, request

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, wish, request, excellent

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

प्रसादतः (prasādataḥ) - by grace, from grace, due to grace

(indeclinable)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Formed with the ablative suffix -taḥ, meaning 'from' or 'by'.