महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-37, verse-10

स एष पार्थो विक्रान्तः सव्यसाची परंतपः ।
नायुद्धेन निवर्तेत सर्वैरपि मरुद्गणैः ॥१०॥

10. sa eṣa pārtho vikrāntaḥ savyasācī paraṁtapaḥ ,
nāyuddhena nivarteta sarvairapi marudgaṇaiḥ.

10. saḥ eṣaḥ pārthaḥ vikrāntaḥ savyasācī parantapaḥ
na ayuddhena nivarteta sarvaiḥ api marudgaṇaiḥ

10. That very Arjuna (Pārtha) is mighty, ambidextrous (Savyasācī), and a tormentor of foes (Parantapa). He would not retreat without a battle, even if he were to face all the Maruts.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (person), he (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (person), very (this (masculine nominative singular))

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (Pārtha) (son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna)

• विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - mighty (mighty, valorous, powerful)

• सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - ambidextrous (Savyasācī) (ambidextrous, one who can shoot with the left hand)

• परन्तपः (parantapaḥ) - tormentor of foes (Parantapa) (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अयुद्धेन (ayuddhena) - without a fight (without battle, without fighting)

• निवर्तेत (nivarteta) - he would retreat (he would turn back, he would retreat)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (by all, with all)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• मरुद्गणैः (marudgaṇaiḥ) - by all the Maruts (by the hosts of Maruts, by the groups of Maruts)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (person), he (he, that (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (person), very (this (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, used here in combination with `saḥ` for emphasis 'that very'.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (Pārtha) (son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti); a name for Arjuna, Yudhishthira, and Bhima

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - mighty (mighty, valorous, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikrānta

vikrānta - mighty, valorous, powerful, heroic

Past Passive Participle

From root kram (to step, stride) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle acting as an adjective.

सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - ambidextrous (Savyasācī) (ambidextrous, one who can shoot with the left hand)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - ambidextrous, one who shoots with the left hand; a name for Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left hand
  adjective/noun (neuter)
• sācin – shooting, wielding, throwing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun formed from sac.
  Root: sac (class 1)

Note: A distinctive epithet for Arjuna.

परन्तपः (parantapaḥ) - tormentor of foes (Parantapa) (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parantapa

parantapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound of para (other, enemy) and tapa (one who heats/torments)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  adjective/noun (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• tapa – heating, tormenting, asceticism
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root tap.
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Another epithet for Arjuna.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

अयुद्धेन (ayuddhena) - without a fight (without battle, without fighting)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ayuddha

ayuddha - non-battle, absence of fight

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of `yuddha` (battle)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+yuddha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• yuddha – battle, war, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Instrumental used to express 'without' when `na` precedes.

निवर्तेत (nivarteta) - he would retreat (he would turn back, he would retreat)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nivṛt

Optative

Root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni-, 1st class, ātmanepada ending

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Optative mood expresses potential or wish.

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (by all, with all)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Adjective agreeing with `marudgaṇaiḥ`.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मरुद्गणैः (marudgaṇaiḥ) - by all the Maruts (by the hosts of Maruts, by the groups of Maruts)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of marudgaṇa

marudgaṇa - host of Maruts, group of Maruts

Compound of marut (Marut deity) and gaṇa (group)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (marut+gaṇa)

• marut – Marut (a class of deities, storm gods), wind
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound noun in instrumental plural.