महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-283, verse-3

ततः प्रकृतयः सर्वाः शाल्वेभ्योऽभ्यागता नृप ।
आचख्युर्निहतं चैव स्वेनामात्येन तं नृपम् ॥३॥

3. tataḥ prakṛtayaḥ sarvāḥ śālvebhyo'bhyāgatā nṛpa ,
ācakhyurnihataṁ caiva svenāmātyena taṁ nṛpam.

3. tataḥ prakṛtayaḥ sarvāḥ śālvebhyaḥ abhyāgatā nṛpa
ācakhyuḥ nihatam ca eva svena amātyena tam nṛpam

3. Then, O king, all the subjects who had arrived from the Salva country reported that their king had indeed been slain by his own minister.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - the subjects, citizens (subjects, citizens, people; intrinsic nature (prakṛti))

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• शाल्वेभ्यः (śālvebhyaḥ) - from the Salva country (from the Salvas (people or country))

• अभ्यागता (abhyāgatā) - having come, arrived

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

• आचख्युः (ācakhyuḥ) - they narrated, they reported

• निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• स्वेन (svena) - by his own

• अमात्येन (amātyena) - by the minister

• तम् (tam) - that king (him, that (king))

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - king

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - the subjects, citizens (subjects, citizens, people; intrinsic nature (prakṛti))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - original form, nature (prakṛti), constitution, subject, citizen

pra + kṛ + ti (suffix)

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Adjectival use, agreeing with 'prakṛtayaḥ'.

शाल्वेभ्यः (śālvebhyaḥ) - from the Salva country (from the Salvas (people or country))

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of śālva

śālva - a Salva (person), belonging to the Salva country (proper name)

अभ्यागता (abhyāgatā) - having come, arrived

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, plural of abhyāgata

abhyāgata - arrived, come, approached

Past Passive Participle

abhi (prefix) + ā (prefix) + gam (root) + kta (suffix)

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'prakṛtayaḥ'.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

nṛ (man) + pā (to protect)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pā – to protect, to guard
  verb
  Root
  Root: pā (class 2)

आचख्युः (ācakhyuḥ) - they narrated, they reported

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ākhyā

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd plural

ā- (prefix) + khyā (root) with reduplication and perfect ending

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

ni (prefix) + han (root) + kta (suffix)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'nṛpam'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

स्वेन (svena) - by his own

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Adjectival use, agreeing with 'amātyena'.

अमात्येन (amātyena) - by the minister

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amātya

amātya - minister, cabinet member, colleague

तम् (tam) - that king (him, that (king))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'nṛpam'.

नृपम् (nṛpam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

nṛ (man) + pā (to protect)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pā – to protect, to guard
  verb
  Root
  Root: pā (class 2)