महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-258, verse-8

रामस्य माता कौसल्या कैकेयी भरतस्य तु ।
सुतौ लक्ष्मणशत्रुघ्नौ सुमित्रायाः परंतपौ ॥८॥

8. rāmasya mātā kausalyā kaikeyī bharatasya tu ,
sutau lakṣmaṇaśatrughnau sumitrāyāḥ paraṁtapau.

8. rāmasya mātā kausalyā kaikeyī bharatasya tu
sutau lakṣmaṇaśatrughnau sumitrāyāḥ paraṃtapau

8. Kausalya is Rama's mother, and Kaikeyi is Bharata's mother. Lakshmana and Shatrughna, the two vanquishers of foes, are Sumitra's sons.

Words meanings summery:

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• माता (mātā) - mother

• कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalya

• कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyi

• भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

• तु (tu) - emphasizes the listing of mothers for each brother (but, indeed, moreover)

• सुतौ (sutau) - Lakshmana and Shatrughna (two sons)

• लक्ष्मणशत्रुघ्नौ (lakṣmaṇaśatrughnau) - Lakshmana and Shatrughna

• सुमित्रायाः (sumitrāyāḥ) - of Sumitra

• परंतपौ (paraṁtapau) - refers to Lakshmana and Shatrughna (two vanquishers of foes, two tormentors of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name)

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalya

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kausalya (proper name)

कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyi

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyi (proper name)

भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name)

तु (tu) - emphasizes the listing of mothers for each brother (but, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सुतौ (sutau) - Lakshmana and Shatrughna (two sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of suta

suta - son

लक्ष्मणशत्रुघ्नौ (lakṣmaṇaśatrughnau) - Lakshmana and Shatrughna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of lakṣmaṇaśatrughna

lakṣmaṇaśatrughna - Lakshmana and Shatrughna

Compound type : dvandva (lakṣmaṇa+śatrughna)

• lakṣmaṇa – Lakshmana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śatrughna – Shatrughna (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

सुमित्रायाः (sumitrāyāḥ) - of Sumitra

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sumitrā

sumitrā - Sumitra (proper name)

परंतपौ (paraṁtapau) - refers to Lakshmana and Shatrughna (two vanquishers of foes, two tormentors of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - vanquisher of foes, tormentor of enemies

Compound formed from para (enemy) and tapa (from root tap - to heat, torment). Agent noun derived from 'ta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – tormenting, heating
  adjective (masculine)
  nominalization of agent from verb
  From root tap (to heat, torment) with suffix -a
  Root: tap (class 1)