महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-258, verse-14

स जज्ञे विश्रवा नाम तस्यात्मार्धेन वै द्विजः ।
प्रतीकाराय सक्रोधस्ततो वैश्रवणस्य वै ॥१४॥

14. sa jajñe viśravā nāma tasyātmārdhena vai dvijaḥ ,
pratīkārāya sakrodhastato vaiśravaṇasya vai.

14. saḥ jajñe viśravā nāma tasya ātma-ardhena vai dvijaḥ
| pratīkārāya sa-krodhaḥ tataḥ vaiśravaṇasya vai

14. Then, that brahmin (dvija) named Viśravas, enraged, generated (a son) from half of his own self (ātman) for the retaliation of Vaiśravaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (the father, Viśravas) (he, that)

• जज्ञे (jajñe) - generated (meaning produced offspring) (was born, produced, generated)

• विश्रवा (viśravā) - Viśravas (the name of the father who is the subject) (Viśravas (proper name))

• नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name, indeed)

• तस्य (tasya) - of his (referring to Viśravas) (his, of him)

• आत्म-अर्धेन (ātma-ardhena) - from half of his own self (ātman) (by half of the self)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, verily, surely)

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - brahmin (referring to Viśravas) (twice-born, brahmin, bird, tooth)

• प्रतीकाराय (pratīkārāya) - for the retaliation (for retaliation, for requital)

• स-क्रोधः (sa-krodhaḥ) - enraged (with anger, enraged)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• वैश्रवणस्य (vaiśravaṇasya) - of Vaiśravaṇa

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, verily, surely)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (the father, Viśravas) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Viśravas.

जज्ञे (jajñe) - generated (meaning produced offspring) (was born, produced, generated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (lit) of jan

Perfect, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Root: jan (class 4)

विश्रवा (viśravā) - Viśravas (the name of the father who is the subject) (Viśravas (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśravas

viśravas - Viśravas (name of a sage, son of Pulastya, father of Kubera and Rāvaṇa)

Note: Agrees with `saḥ` and `dvijaḥ`.

नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of his (referring to Viśravas) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Viśravas.

आत्म-अर्धेन (ātma-ardhena) - from half of his own self (ātman) (by half of the self)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātma-ardha

ātma-ardha - half of oneself, portion of the self

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+ardha)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• ardha – half, a part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the essence or creative power.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, verily, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - brahmin (referring to Viśravas) (twice-born, brahmin, bird, tooth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), brahmin, bird, tooth

From 'dvi' (two) + 'ja' (born).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced
  adjective
  From root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `saḥ` and `viśravā`.

प्रतीकाराय (pratīkārāya) - for the retaliation (for retaliation, for requital)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pratīkāra

pratīkāra - retaliation, requital, remedy, counteraction

From 'prati' + 'kṛ'.

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates purpose.

स-क्रोधः (sa-krodhaḥ) - enraged (with anger, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sa-krodha

sa-krodha - with anger, enraged, furious

Bahuvrihi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'krodha' (anger).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+krodha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `saḥ` (Viśravas).

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a temporal sequence.

वैश्रवणस्य (vaiśravaṇasya) - of Vaiśravaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vaiśravaṇa

vaiśravaṇa - son of Viśravas; name of Kubera

Patronymic from 'Viśravas'.

Note: Possessive, refers to Vaiśravaṇa.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, verily, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.