महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-24, verse-8

ततः समासाद्य महाजनौघाः कुरुप्रवीरं परिवार्य तस्थुः ।
हा नाथ हा धर्म इति ब्रुवन्तो ह्रिया च सर्वेऽश्रुमुखा बभूवुः ॥८॥

8. tataḥ samāsādya mahājanaughāḥ; kurupravīraṁ parivārya tasthuḥ ,
hā nātha hā dharma iti bruvanto; hriyā ca sarve'śrumukhā babhūvuḥ.

8. tataḥ samāsādya mahājanaughāḥ
kuruprāvīram parivārya tasthuḥ hā
nātha hā dharma iti bruvantaḥ
hriyā ca sarve aśrumukhā babhūvuḥ

8. Then, vast crowds of people, having approached and surrounded the hero of the Kurus, stood there. Crying out, "Alas, O Lord! Alas, O [embodiment of] righteousness (dharma)!" all of them became tear-faced out of shame.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having obtained

• महाजनौघाः (mahājanaughāḥ) - great crowds of people, vast multitudes

• कुरुप्रावीरम् (kuruprāvīram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the hero of the Kurus, the chief among the Kurus)

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

• तस्थुः (tasthuḥ) - they stood

• हा (hā) - alas, ah

• नाथ (nātha) - O Lord, O protector, O master

• हा (hā) - alas, ah

• धर्म (dharma) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira as the embodiment of righteousness. (O righteousness, O natural law, O intrinsic nature)

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• ब्रुवन्तः (bruvantaḥ) - speaking, saying, crying out

• ह्रिया (hriyā) - by shame, out of modesty/embarrassment

• च (ca) - and

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• अश्रुमुखा (aśrumukhā) - with tearful faces, having tear-stained faces

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

Note: adverbial use

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From prefix 'sam-' and 'ā-' with root 'sad' (to sit, approach)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: absolutive form

महाजनौघाः (mahājanaughāḥ) - great crowds of people, vast multitudes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahājanaugha

mahājanaugha - great crowds of people, vast multitudes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+jana+ogha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, torrent, multitude, mass, crowd
  noun (masculine)

कुरुप्रावीरम् (kuruprāvīram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the hero of the Kurus, the chief among the Kurus)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuruprāvīra

kuruprāvīra - hero of the Kurus, chief among the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+pravīra)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, and his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pravīra – hero, chief, excellent warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From prefix 'pari-' with root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: absolutive form

तस्थुः (tasthuḥ) - they stood

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

हा (hā) - alas, ah

(indeclinable)

नाथ (nātha) - O Lord, O protector, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nātha

nātha - lord, master, protector

हा (hā) - alas, ah

(indeclinable)

धर्म (dharma) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira as the embodiment of righteousness. (O righteousness, O natural law, O intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

From root 'dhṛ' (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवन्तः (bruvantaḥ) - speaking, saying, crying out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying

present active participle

From root 'brū' (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: functioning adverbially here

ह्रिया (hriyā) - by shame, out of modesty/embarrassment

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hrī

hrī - shame, modesty, embarrassment

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: adjectival use

अश्रुमुखा (aśrumukhā) - with tearful faces, having tear-stained faces

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśrumukha

aśrumukha - tear-faced, having a tearful countenance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aśru+mukha)

• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)