महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-24, verse-2

आस्थाय वीराः सहिता वनाय प्रतस्थिरे भूतपतिप्रकाशाः ।
हिरण्यनिष्कान्वसनानि गाश्च प्रदाय शिक्षाक्षरमन्त्रविद्भ्यः ॥२॥

2. āsthāya vīrāḥ sahitā vanāya; pratasthire bhūtapatiprakāśāḥ ,
hiraṇyaniṣkānvasanāni gāśca; pradāya śikṣākṣaramantravidbhyaḥ.

2. āsthāya vīrāḥ sahitāḥ vanāya
pratasthire bhūtapatiprakāśāḥ
hiraṇya-niṣkān vasanāni gāḥ ca
pradāya śikṣā-akṣara-mantra-vidbhyaḥ

2. Having mounted [the chariots], the heroes, shining like lords of beings, together set out for the forest, after giving away gold coins, garments, and cows to those learned in phonetics (śikṣā), grammar (akṣara), and sacred chants (mantra).

Words meanings summery:

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended, having taken up

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the Pandavas (heroes, brave men)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together, accompanied, united

• वनाय (vanāya) - to the forest, for the forest

• प्रतस्थिरे (pratasthire) - they set out, they departed

• भूतपतिप्रकाशाः (bhūtapatiprakāśāḥ) - shining like lords of beings, appearing like Shiva

• हिरण्य-निष्कान् (hiraṇya-niṣkān) - gold coins, golden necklaces

• वसनानि (vasanāni) - garments, clothes

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows

• च (ca) - and

• प्रदाय (pradāya) - having given, having bestowed

• शिक्षा-अक्षर-मन्त्र-विद्भ्यः (śikṣā-akṣara-mantra-vidbhyaḥ) - to those who know phonetics, grammar, and sacred chants

Words meanings and morphology

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended, having taken up

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with prefix ā- and root sthā (to stand).

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Gerund, implying "having mounted the chariots" from the previous verse.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the Pandavas (heroes, brave men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty, warrior

Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Subject of pratasthire.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together, accompanied, united

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, together with, united

Past Passive Participle

From sa- + √dhā (to place) or √hi (to go) in some contexts. Here, with sa, means 'together'.

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies vīrāḥ.

वनाय (vanāya) - to the forest, for the forest

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, water

Root: van (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose or direction.

प्रतस्थिरे (pratasthire) - they set out, they departed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of prathā

perfect middle

3rd person plural perfect middle of pra- + √sthā (to stand, to go).

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

भूतपतिप्रकाशाः (bhūtapatiprakāśāḥ) - shining like lords of beings, appearing like Shiva

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūtapatiprakāśa

bhūtapatiprakāśa - shining like the lord of beings (Shiva), radiant like the ruler of elements

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhūtāpati+prakāśa)

• bhūtāpati – lord of beings, ruler of elements (an epithet of Shiva)
  noun (masculine)
• prakāśa – shining, light, bright, appearing like
  noun (masculine)
  From pra- + √kāś (to shine).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies vīrāḥ.

हिरण्य-निष्कान् (hiraṇya-niṣkān) - gold coins, golden necklaces

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hiraṇya-niṣka

hiraṇya-niṣka - gold coin, gold necklace, ornament of gold

Compound type : karmadhāraya (hiraṇya+niṣka)

• hiraṇya – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• niṣka – gold coin, gold ornament, necklace
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of pradāya.

वसनानि (vasanāni) - garments, clothes

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vasana

vasana - garment, clothing, attire

From √vas (to wear).

Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Object of pradāya.

गाः (gāḥ) - cows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth

Note: Object of pradāya.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

प्रदाय (pradāya) - having given, having bestowed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with prefix pra- and root dā (to give).

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Gerund.

शिक्षा-अक्षर-मन्त्र-विद्भ्यः (śikṣā-akṣara-mantra-vidbhyaḥ) - to those who know phonetics, grammar, and sacred chants

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of śikṣākṣaramantravid

śikṣākṣaramantravid - knowing śikṣā (phonetics), akṣara (grammar), and mantra (sacred chants)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (śikṣā+akṣara+mantra+vid)

• śikṣā – phonetics, instruction, learning (one of the Vedangas)
  noun (feminine)
  From √śikṣ (to learn).
  Root: śikṣ (class 1)
• akṣara – letter, syllable, imperishable, indestructible
  noun (neuter)
  From a- (not) + kṣara (perishable); also meaning a written character.
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṣar (class 1)
• mantra – sacred text, hymn, chant, mystical formula (mantra)
  noun (masculine)
  From √man (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)
• vid – knower, learned
  noun (masculine)
  From √vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indirect object of pradāya. Refers to qualified brahmanas.