महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-24, verse-16

आमन्त्र्य पार्थं च वृकोदरं च धनंजयं याज्ञसेनीं यमौ च ।
प्रतस्थिरे राष्ट्रमपेतहर्षा युधिष्ठिरेणानुमता यथास्वम् ॥१६॥

16. āmantrya pārthaṁ ca vṛkodaraṁ ca; dhanaṁjayaṁ yājñasenīṁ yamau ca ,
pratasthire rāṣṭramapetaharṣā; yudhiṣṭhireṇānumatā yathāsvam.

16. āmantrya pārtham ca vṛkodaram ca
dhanaṃjayam yājñasenīm yamau ca
pratastire rāṣṭram apetaharṣāḥ
yudhiṣṭhireṇa anumatāḥ yathāsvam

16. Having summoned Arjuna (Pārtha), Bhīma (Vṛkodara), Arjuna (Dhanaṃjaya), Draupadī (Yājñasenī), and the two twins (Yamau), they—devoid of joy and having been permitted by Yudhiṣṭhira—each departed into the land according to their respective ways.

Words meanings summery:

• आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - Having summoned, having invited

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna

• च (ca) - and

• वृकोदरम् (vṛkodaram) - Bhīma

• च (ca) - and

• धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Arjuna

• याज्ञसेनीम् (yājñasenīm) - Draupadī

• यमौ (yamau) - Nakula and Sahadeva (the two twins)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रतस्तिरे (pratastire) - they departed, they set off

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the land (away from the capital) (kingdom, country, land)

• अपेतहर्षाः (apetaharṣāḥ) - devoid of joy, sorrowful

• युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhiṣṭhira

• अनुमताः (anumatāḥ) - permitted, assented to

• यथास्वम् (yathāsvam) - each according to their own, respectively

Words meanings and morphology

आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - Having summoned, having invited

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root mantr (to consult, advise, summon) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: mantr (class 10)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - Son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Descendant of Pṛthā

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

वृकोदरम् (vṛkodaram) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - having a wolf's belly; Bhīma

Compound: vṛka (wolf) + udara (belly)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna; fire

Compound: dhana (wealth) + jaya (conquering)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

याज्ञसेनीम् (yājñasenīm) - Draupadī

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yājñasenī

yājñasenī - daughter of Drupada, Draupadī

Feminine patronymic of Yājñasena (Drupada)

यमौ (yamau) - Nakula and Sahadeva (the two twins)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of yamā

yamā - twin, pair

Note: In this context, it refers specifically to the twins Nakula and Sahadeva.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

प्रतस्तिरे (pratastire) - they departed, they set off

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (Lit) of sthā

Perfect (Lit)

3rd person plural, middle voice. From root sthā with prefix prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the land (away from the capital) (kingdom, country, land)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, country, nation, territory

Note: Used adverbially to indicate direction or area, 'into the country/land'.

अपेतहर्षाः (apetaharṣāḥ) - devoid of joy, sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apetaharṣa

apetaharṣa - whose joy has departed, devoid of joy

Compound: apeta (departed, gone away) + harṣa (joy).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (apeta+harṣa)

• apeta – departed, gone away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From apa-√i (to go away)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: i (class 2)
• harṣa – joy, delight
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'they' (Pāṇḍavas and Draupadī).

युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – steady, firm, constant
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agent of anumatāḥ.

अनुमताः (anumatāḥ) - permitted, assented to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anumata

anumata - permitted, approved, assented, authorized

Past Passive Participle

From root man (to think, perceive) with prefix anu (after, along, according to)

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'they'.

यथास्वम् (yathāsvam) - each according to their own, respectively

(indeclinable)

Adverbial compound: yathā (as, according to) + sva (one's own).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+sva)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (masculine)