महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-236, verse-6

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स्वपुरं प्रययौ राजा चतुरङ्गबलानुगः ।
शोकोपहतया बुद्ध्या चिन्तयानः पराभवम् ॥६॥

6. svapuraṁ prayayau rājā caturaṅgabalānugaḥ ,
śokopahatayā buddhyā cintayānaḥ parābhavam.

6. svapuram prayayau rājā caturaṅgabalānugaḥ
śokopahatayā buddhyā cintayānaḥ parābhavam

6. The king, accompanied by his four-fold army, returned to his own city, reflecting on his defeat with his intellect overcome by sorrow.

6. המלך יצא לעירו כשצבא בן ארבע חילות (פילים, סוסים, מרכבות ורגלים) צועד אחריו, ורוחו שבורה מצער, והוא שקוע במחשבות על תבוסתו.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

स्वपुरम् (svapuram) - his own city

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he returned (to his city) (he went, he returned)

राजा (rājā) - Duryodhana, the king (king)

चतुरङ्गबलानुगः (caturaṅgabalānugaḥ) - accompanied by his four-fold army (infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots) (followed by the four-limbed army)

शोकोपहतया (śokopahatayā) - by (intellect) overcome by sorrow

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding

चिन्तयानः (cintayānaḥ) - contemplating, reflecting, thinking

पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat, overthrow

Words meanings and morphology

स्वपुरम् (svapuram) - his own city

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svapura

svapura - one's own city

Compound: sva (own) + pura (city).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+pura)

sva – own, one's own
pronoun
pura – city, town
noun (neuter)

Note: Object of motion, governed by 'prayayau'.

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he returned (to his city) (he went, he returned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-yā

Perfect 3rd singular active of pra- + √yā (to go).

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - Duryodhana, the king (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of 'prayayau'.

चतुरङ्गबलानुगः (caturaṅgabalānugaḥ) - accompanied by his four-fold army (infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots) (followed by the four-limbed army)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturaṅgabalānuga

caturaṅgabalānuga - followed by the four-limbed army

Compound containing a noun formed with anuga

Bahuvrīhi compound: caturaṅga (four-limbed) + bala (army) + anuga (following).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (caturaṅga+bala+anuga)

caturaṅga – four-limbed, four-fold (referring to army divisions: chariots, elephants, cavalry, infantry)
adjective
Compound: catur (four) + aṅga (limb, component).
bala – strength, force, army
noun (neuter)
anuga – following, accompanied by, follower
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun
Derived from anu- + √gam (to go) with suffix -a.
Prefix: anu
Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

शोकोपहतया (śokopahatayā) - by (intellect) overcome by sorrow

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śokopahatā

śokopahatā - overcome by sorrow, afflicted by grief

Compound containing a Past Passive Participle

Tatpuruṣa compound: śoka (sorrow) + upahatā (struck, afflicted).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+upahatā)

śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
noun (masculine)
upahatā – struck, afflicted, overcome
adjective (feminine)
Past Passive Participle
From upa- + √han (to strike, destroy) with kta suffix. Feminine form.
Prefix: upa
Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'buddhyā'.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception

Note: Instrument by which he was reflecting.

चिन्तयानः (cintayānaḥ) - contemplating, reflecting, thinking

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintayāna

cintayāna - contemplating, reflecting, thinking

Present Middle Participle

Present participle (śānac) of root cint (to think, consider) in the 10th class or causative stem.