महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-236, verse-15

एवमुक्तस्तु कर्णेन राजा दुर्योधनस्तदा ।
उवाचावाक्शिरा राजन्बाष्पगद्गदया गिरा ॥१५॥

15. evamuktastu karṇena rājā duryodhanastadā ,
uvācāvākśirā rājanbāṣpagadgadayā girā.

15. evam uktaḥ tu karṇena rājā duryodhanaḥ tadā
uvāca avākśirāḥ rājan bāṣpagadgadayā girā

15. O King, when King Duryodhana was thus spoken to by Karṇa, he then spoke with a downcast head and a voice choked with tears.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

• राजा (rājā) - king

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• अवाक्शिराः (avākśirāḥ) - with downcast head, having his head bent downwards

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya (O King)

• बाष्पगद्गदया (bāṣpagadgadayā) - with a voice choked with tears

• गिरा (girā) - with a voice, with speech

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a warrior), ear

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Formed from root vac, 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

अवाक्शिराः (avākśirāḥ) - with downcast head, having his head bent downwards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avākśiras

avākśiras - having head downwards, downcast

Compound type : bahuvrihi (avāc+śiras)

• avāc – downward, bent down
  adjective
  Prefix: ava
  Root: añc (class 1)
• śiras – head, top
  noun (neuter)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

बाष्पगद्गदया (bāṣpagadgadayā) - with a voice choked with tears

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bāṣpagadgada

bāṣpagadgada - choked by tears, having a voice trembling with emotion

Compound type : tatpurusha (bāṣpa+gadgada)

• bāṣpa – tear, weeping
  noun (masculine)
• gadgada – stammering, faltering, choked (voice)
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: gad (class 1)

Note: Modifies girā (voice).

गिरा (girā) - with a voice, with speech

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - speech, voice, word

Root: gṛ (class 6)