महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-34, verse-18

अथ वा कृपणैरेतामुपनीतां जनार्दन ।
पूजामनर्हः कस्मात्त्वमभ्यनुज्ञातवानसि ॥१८॥

18. atha vā kṛpaṇairetāmupanītāṁ janārdana ,
pūjāmanarhaḥ kasmāttvamabhyanujñātavānasi.

18. atha vā kṛpaṇaiḥ etām upanītām janārdana
pūjām anarhaḥ kasmāt tvam abhyanujñātavān asi

18. Or else, O Janardana, why have you, though unworthy, permitted this honor presented by the pitiable?

18. או שמא, הו ג׳ַנָארְדַנַה, מאחר שהעלובים האלה הגישו לך את הכבוד הזה, מדוע קיבלת אותו מתוך הסכמה, אף שאינך ראוי לו?

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, and, moreover, or

• वा (vā) - or, either

• कृपणैः (kṛpaṇaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, considered 'pitiable' by the speaker (by the wretched, by the pitiable, by the miserly)

• एताम् (etām) - this (feminine)

• उपनीताम् (upanītām) - presented, offered, brought near

• जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janardana (Krishna)

• पूजाम् (pūjām) - worship, honor, reverence, offering

• अनर्हः (anarhaḥ) - undeserving, unworthy

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अभ्यनुज्ञातवान् (abhyanujñātavān) - permitted, allowed

• असि (asi) - are

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, and, moreover, or

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

कृपणैः (kṛpaṇaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, considered 'pitiable' by the speaker (by the wretched, by the pitiable, by the miserly)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - wretched, pitiable, miserable, stingy

from root kḷp (to be helpless)

Root: kḷp (class 1)

एताम् (etām) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to 'pūjām'

उपनीताम् (upanītām) - presented, offered, brought near

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upanīta

upanīta - presented, offered, brought near, initiated

Past Passive Participle

from root nī (to lead, bring) with upasarga upa

Prefix: upa

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pūjām'

जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janardana (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janardana, Krishna (proper name)

agitator of men, one who is worshipped by men, one who defeats men

Root: ard (class 1)

पूजाम् (pūjām) - worship, honor, reverence, offering

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pūjā

pūjā - worship, honor, reverence, offering

Root: pūj (class 10)

अनर्हः (anarhaḥ) - undeserving, unworthy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anarha

anarha - undeserving, unworthy

negative particle an- + arha (worthy)

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam'

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'why'

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अभ्यनुज्ञातवान् (abhyanujñātavān) - permitted, allowed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyanujñātavat

abhyanujñātavat - having permitted, having allowed

Past Active Participle

from root jñā (to know, permit) with upasargas abhi-anu

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Forms periphrastic perfect with 'asi'

असि (asi) - are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

2nd person singular, present tense, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms periphrastic perfect with 'abhyanujñātavān'

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