महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-15, verse-15

अनारम्भे तु नियतो भवेदगुणनिश्चयः ।
गुणान्निःसंशयाद्राजन्नैर्गुण्यं मन्यसे कथम् ॥१५॥

15. anārambhe tu niyato bhavedaguṇaniścayaḥ ,
guṇānniḥsaṁśayādrājannairguṇyaṁ manyase katham.

15. anārambhe tu niyataḥ bhavet aguṇaniścayaḥ guṇāt
niḥsaṃśayāt rājan nairguṇyam manyase katham

15. However, in non-action, there would certainly be a definite absence of positive results. O King, when (the potential for) merits is beyond doubt, how can you consider it as leading to demerit?

15. אם לא נתחיל, ודאי יישאר היעדר הכרעה בעניין היתרונות. הו מלך, כשהיתרונות ברורים ללא ספק, איך אתה רואה בהם היעדר יתרונות?

Words meanings summery:

• अनारम्भे (anārambhe) - in non-commencement, in the absence of an undertaking

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - certain, fixed, definite

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, should be, might be

• अगुणनिश्चयः (aguṇaniścayaḥ) - a certainty of demerit, a definite lack of good qualities/results

• गुणात् (guṇāt) - from (good) qualities, from merits

• निःसंशयात् (niḥsaṁśayāt) - from undoubted, certainly, without doubt

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• नैर्गुण्यम् (nairguṇyam) - lack of qualities, demerit, worthlessness

• मन्यसे (manyase) - you consider, you think, you believe

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

Words meanings and morphology

अनारम्भे (anārambhe) - in non-commencement, in the absence of an undertaking

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anārambha

anārambha - non-commencement, inaction, absence of undertaking

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ārambha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• ārambha – commencement, undertaking, beginning
  noun (masculine)
  from prefix ā + root rabh (to take) + ghañ
  Prefix: ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

नियतः (niyataḥ) - certain, fixed, definite

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - certain, fixed, restrained, destined

Past Passive Participle

from prefix ni + root yam (to control, restrain) + kta

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aguṇaniścayaḥ'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, should be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अगुणनिश्चयः (aguṇaniścayaḥ) - a certainty of demerit, a definite lack of good qualities/results

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aguṇaniścaya

aguṇaniścaya - certainty of demerit, definite absence of good qualities

Compound type : karmadhāraya (aguṇa+niścaya)

• aguṇa – demerit, fault, lack of good quality/merit
  noun (masculine)
  nañ-tatpuruṣa: a (not) + guṇa (quality/merit)
• niścaya – certainty, ascertainment, conviction
  noun (masculine)
  from prefix niś + root ci (to gather) + ac
  Prefix: niś
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

गुणात् (guṇāt) - from (good) qualities, from merits

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, merit, virtue, excellence

Note: Indicates origin or cause.

निःसंशयात् (niḥsaṁśayāt) - from undoubted, certainly, without doubt

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niḥsaṃśaya

niḥsaṁśaya - without doubt, certain, undoubted

Compound type : avyayībhāva (nis+saṃśaya)

• nis – without, out of, free from
  indeclinable
• saṃśaya – doubt, uncertainty, suspicion
  noun (masculine)
  from prefix sam + root śī (to lie, rest) + ac
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'guṇāt', or functions adverbially as 'certainly'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

नैर्गुण्यम् (nairguṇyam) - lack of qualities, demerit, worthlessness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nairguṇya

nairguṇya - lack of good qualities, demerit, worthlessness

from nirguṇa (without qualities) + ṣyañ (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Object of 'manyase'.

मन्यसे (manyase) - you consider, you think, you believe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

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