महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-15, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
सम्राड्गुणमभीप्सन्वै युष्मान्स्वार्थपरायणः ।
कथं प्रहिणुयां भीमं बलात्केवलसाहसात् ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
samrāḍguṇamabhīpsanvai yuṣmānsvārthaparāyaṇaḥ ,
kathaṁ prahiṇuyāṁ bhīmaṁ balātkevalasāhasāt.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca samrāṭ guṇam abhīpsan vai yuṣmān
svārthaparāyaṇaḥ katham prahiṇuyām bhīmam balāt kevalasāhasāt

1. Yudhishthira said: "As one who desires the qualities of an emperor (samrāṭ) and is devoted to his own interests, how can I send Bhima by force, based merely on recklessness (sāhasa)?"

1. יוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה אמר, כשאני חפץ בכתר הקיסר ומוקד בעניין שלי, איך אשלח אתכם, את בְּהִימַה, בכוח אל מעשה נועז שכולו פזיזות?

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - emperor, sovereign

• गुणम् (guṇam) - quality, virtue, attribute

• अभीप्सन् (abhīpsan) - desiring, wishing for, aspiring to

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

• युष्मान् (yuṣmān) - you (plural)

• स्वार्थपरायणः (svārthaparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to one's own interests, intent on self-interest

• कथम् (katham) - how? why?

• प्रहिणुयाम् (prahiṇuyām) - may I send, should I send

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima

• बलात् (balāt) - by force, from strength

• केवलसाहसात् (kevalasāhasāt) - by mere recklessness, by sheer audacity

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, son of Dharma, the eldest Pandava)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect tense

root 'vac' (to speak), perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - emperor, sovereign

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samrāṭ

samrāṭ - universal monarch, emperor, sovereign ruler

Prefix: sam

Root: rāj

गुणम् (guṇam) - quality, virtue, attribute

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue, merit, strand, cord

अभीप्सन् (abhīpsan) - desiring, wishing for, aspiring to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhīpsant

abhīpsant - desiring, wishing for, aspiring to

present active participle (desiderative of āp)

from desiderative stem 'īpsa' of root 'āp' (to obtain), with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: āp (class 5)

वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

(indeclinable)

युष्मान् (yuṣmān) - you (plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

स्वार्थपरायणः (svārthaparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to one's own interests, intent on self-interest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svārthaparāyaṇa

svārthaparāyaṇa - devoted to one's own interests, intent on self-interest, selfish

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+artha+parāyaṇa)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, interest
  noun (masculine)
• parāyaṇa – devoted to, intent on, supreme resort
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: parā

कथम् (katham) - how? why?

(indeclinable)

प्रहिणुयाम् (prahiṇuyām) - may I send, should I send

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of prahiṇuyām

optative mood

root 'hi' (to send), 1st singular active, with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: hi (class 3)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (proper name, one of the Pandavas); terrible, formidable

बलात् (balāt) - by force, from strength

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

केवलसाहसात् (kevalasāhasāt) - by mere recklessness, by sheer audacity

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kevalasāhasa

kevalasāhasa - mere recklessness, sheer audacity

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kevala+sāhasa)

• kevala – mere, pure, absolute, exclusive
  adjective (masculine)
• sāhasa – recklessness, audacity, violence, daring
  noun (neuter)

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