महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-28, verse-8

पाण्डवाश्चैव ते सर्वे भृशं शोकपरायणाः ।
शोचन्तो मातरं वृद्धामूषुर्नातिचिरं पुरे ॥८॥

8. pāṇḍavāścaiva te sarve bhṛśaṁ śokaparāyaṇāḥ ,
śocanto mātaraṁ vṛddhāmūṣurnāticiraṁ pure.

8. pāṇḍavāḥ ca eva te sarve bhṛśam śokaparāyaṇāḥ
śocantaḥ mātaram vṛddhām ūṣuḥ na aticiram pure

8. And indeed, all those Pandavas, deeply absorbed in sorrow and lamenting for their aged mother, did not remain long in the city.

Words meanings summery:

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (Pandavas (sons of Pandu))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• ते (te) - those (those, they)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - deeply (greatly, exceedingly, intensely, very)

• शोकपरायणाः (śokaparāyaṇāḥ) - absorbed in sorrow (absorbed in sorrow, devoted to grief, overwhelmed by grief)

• शोचन्तः (śocantaḥ) - lamenting (grieving, lamenting, sorrowing)

• मातरम् (mātaram) - their mother (mother)

• वृद्धाम् (vṛddhām) - aged (old, aged, grown)

• ऊषुः (ūṣuḥ) - they remained (they dwelt, they lived, they resided)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अतिचिरम् (aticiram) - long (for too long, for a very long time)

• पुरे (pure) - in the city (in the city, in the town)

Words meanings and morphology

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (Pandavas (sons of Pandu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, the Pandavas

patronymic from Paṇḍu

Note: Subject of ūṣuḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ते (te) - those (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to pāṇḍavāḥ.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with pāṇḍavāḥ.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - deeply (greatly, exceedingly, intensely, very)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies śokaparāyaṇāḥ.

शोकपरायणाः (śokaparāyaṇāḥ) - absorbed in sorrow (absorbed in sorrow, devoted to grief, overwhelmed by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śokaparāyaṇa

śokaparāyaṇa - absorbed in sorrow, devoted to grief

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+parāyaṇa)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  from root śuc (to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – devoted to, intent on, having as chief object
  adjective (masculine)
  from pari-i (to go round, to be intent on)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Describes pāṇḍavāḥ.

शोचन्तः (śocantaḥ) - lamenting (grieving, lamenting, sorrowing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śocat

śocat - grieving, lamenting

present active participle

root śuc (to grieve) + -at suffix

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Describes pāṇḍavāḥ, indicating simultaneous action.

मातरम् (mātaram) - their mother (mother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Object of śocantaḥ.

वृद्धाम् (vṛddhām) - aged (old, aged, grown)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛddhā

vṛddhā - old, aged, grown

past passive participle

from root vṛdh (to grow), with feminine ending

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mātaram.

ऊषुः (ūṣuḥ) - they remained (they dwelt, they lived, they resided)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vas

perfect tense

root vas (to dwell), perfect 3rd person plural

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

अतिचिरम् (aticiram) - long (for too long, for a very long time)

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of aticira (too long)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (ati+ciram)

• ati – excessive, over, beyond
  indeclinable
• ciram – long time, for a long time
  indeclinable

Note: Adverbial accusative of time duration.

पुरे (pure) - in the city (in the city, in the town)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Note: Location of dwelling.