महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-14, chapter-88, verse-4
अथाभ्यगच्छद्गोविन्दो वृष्णिभिः सह धर्मजम् ।
बलदेवं पुरस्कृत्य सर्वप्राणभृतां वरः ॥४॥
बलदेवं पुरस्कृत्य सर्वप्राणभृतां वरः ॥४॥
4. athābhyagacchadgovindo vṛṣṇibhiḥ saha dharmajam ,
baladevaṁ puraskṛtya sarvaprāṇabhṛtāṁ varaḥ.
baladevaṁ puraskṛtya sarvaprāṇabhṛtāṁ varaḥ.
4.
atha abhyagacchat govindaḥ vṛṣṇibhiḥ saha dharmajam
| baladevam puraskṛtya sarvaprāṇabhṛtām varaḥ
| baladevam puraskṛtya sarvaprāṇabhṛtām varaḥ
4.
Then Govinda (Kṛṣṇa), the best of all living beings, approached Yudhiṣṭhira (dharmaja) along with the Vṛṣṇis, placing Baladeva at the forefront.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अथ (atha) - then, thereupon
- अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - he approached, he went towards
- गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Govinda (Kṛṣṇa)
- वृष्णिभिः (vṛṣṇibhiḥ) - by the Vṛṣṇis, with the Vṛṣṇis
- सह (saha) - with, together with
- धर्मजम् (dharmajam) - to Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of (dharma) (to the son of (dharma))
- बलदेवम् (baladevam) - Baladeva (Balarāma, Kṛṣṇa's elder brother)
- पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having led by, putting in the lead
- सर्वप्राणभृताम् (sarvaprāṇabhṛtām) - of all living beings
- वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent
Words meanings and morphology
अथ (atha) - then, thereupon
(indeclinable)
Note: Indicates a sequence of events.
अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - he approached, he went towards
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhigam
imperfect active
3rd person singular imperfect active from √gam with abhi-
Prefix: abhi
Root: gam (class 1)
गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Govinda (Kṛṣṇa)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of govinda
govinda - Govinda (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa, meaning 'cow-finder' or 'protector of cows')
Note: Subject of 'abhyagacchat'.
वृष्णिभिः (vṛṣṇibhiḥ) - by the Vṛṣṇis, with the Vṛṣṇis
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛṣṇi
vṛṣṇi - a member of the Vṛṣṇi clan (Yadava clan to which Kṛṣṇa belonged)
Note: Used with 'saha'.
सह (saha) - with, together with
(indeclinable)
धर्मजम् (dharmajam) - to Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of (dharma) (to the son of (dharma))
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmaja
dharmaja - son of (dharma), born from (dharma)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+ja)
- dharma – righteousness, (natural law), moral duty
noun (masculine) - ja – born, produced from
adjective
Suffix 'ja' from √jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Object of 'abhyagacchat'. Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.
बलदेवम् (baladevam) - Baladeva (Balarāma, Kṛṣṇa's elder brother)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of baladeva
baladeva - Baladeva (Balarāma, Kṛṣṇa's elder brother)
Note: Object of 'puraskṛtya'.
पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, having led by, putting in the lead
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Absolutive (gerund) from √kṛ with puras-
Prefix: puras
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Describes the manner in which Govinda approached.
सर्वप्राणभृताम् (sarvaprāṇabhṛtām) - of all living beings
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvaprāṇabhṛt
sarvaprāṇabhṛt - all living beings, all sentient creatures
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+prāṇabhṛt)
- sarva – all, every
pronoun - prāṇabhṛt – living being, sentient creature
noun (masculine)
from prāṇa (life-breath) + √bhṛ (to bear)
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
Note: Follows 'varaḥ' in the sentence.
वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vara
vara - best, excellent, boon, choice
Note: Qualifies 'govindaḥ'.