महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-87, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तस्मिन्यज्ञे प्रवृत्ते तु वाग्मिनो हेतुवादिनः ।
हेतुवादान्बहून्प्राहुः परस्परजिगीषवः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tasminyajñe pravṛtte tu vāgmino hetuvādinaḥ ,
hetuvādānbahūnprāhuḥ parasparajigīṣavaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tasmin yajñe pravṛtte tu vāgminaḥ
hetuvādinaḥ hetuvādān bahūn prāhuḥ paraspara-jigīṣavaḥ

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tasmin yajñe pravṛtte tu
paraspara-jigīṣavaḥ vāgminaḥ hetuvādinaḥ bahūn hetuvādān prāhuḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: When that great Vedic ritual (yajña) began, eloquent debaters, eager to overpower each other, put forth many arguments.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (Vaiśampāyana) (said, spoke)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (yajña) (in that, upon that)

• यज्ञे (yajñe) - during the (Vedic ritual) (in the Vedic ritual, in the sacrifice)

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when it (the yajña) had started (having begun, started, commenced)

• तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (marks a slight transition or emphasis) (but, indeed, yet, moreover)

• वाग्मिनः (vāgminaḥ) - the eloquent (debaters) (eloquent ones, speakers)

• हेतुवादिनः (hetuvādinaḥ) - (the eloquent) debaters (debaters, those who argue with reasons)

• हेतुवादान् (hetuvādān) - many arguments (arguments, reason-statements)

• बहून् (bahūn) - many (arguments) (many, numerous)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they (the debaters) spoke (they said, they declared, they spoke)

• परस्पर-जिगीषवः (paraspara-jigīṣavaḥ) - eager to overpower each other (desiring to conquer each other, competitive)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said (Vaiśampāyana) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Form from root √vac (2nd conjugation, Ātmanepada)

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (yajña) (in that, upon that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Masculine locative singular of `tad`.

यज्ञे (yajñe) - during the (Vedic ritual) (in the Vedic ritual, in the sacrifice)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship

From √yaj 'to worship'

Root: yaj (class 1)

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when it (the yajña) had started (having begun, started, commenced)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - begun, started, engaged in, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛt with pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `yajñe`.

तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (marks a slight transition or emphasis) (but, indeed, yet, moreover)

(indeclinable)

वाग्मिनः (vāgminaḥ) - the eloquent (debaters) (eloquent ones, speakers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāgmin

vāgmin - eloquent, fluent, orator

From `vāc` (speech) + `min` (suffix indicating possession)

Note: The nominative plural form.

हेतुवादिनः (hetuvādinaḥ) - (the eloquent) debaters (debaters, those who argue with reasons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hetuvādin

hetuvādin - logician, reasoner, debater, one who states reasons

Compound of `hetu` (reason) and `vādin` (speaker)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hetu+vādin)

• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
• vādin – speaker, one who speaks or argues
  noun (masculine)
  From √vad 'to speak' + -in suffix
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Nominative plural.

हेतुवादान् (hetuvādān) - many arguments (arguments, reason-statements)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hetuvāda

hetuvāda - statement of reason, argument, logical proposition

Compound of `hetu` (reason) and `vāda` (statement)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hetu+vāda)

• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
• vāda – statement, discourse, theory
  noun (masculine)
  From √vad 'to speak'
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Accusative plural.

बहून् (bahūn) - many (arguments) (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Accusative plural, agreeing with `hetuvādān`.

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they (the debaters) spoke (they said, they declared, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pra-ah

Perfect active

Form from root √ah (derived from √brū or √vac) with `pra-` prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Plural of `prāha`.

परस्पर-जिगीषवः (paraspara-jigīṣavaḥ) - eager to overpower each other (desiring to conquer each other, competitive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paraspara-jigīṣu

paraspara-jigīṣu - desirous of conquering each other

Desiderative adjective

Compound of `paraspara` (each other) and `jigīṣu` (desirous of conquering)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (paraspara+jigīṣu)

• paraspara – each other, mutually
  pronoun
• jigīṣu – desirous of conquering, wishing to overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative adjective
  From desiderative stem of √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vāgminaḥ` and `hetuvādinaḥ`.