महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-61, verse-15

भरणं पुत्रदाराणां वेदानां पारणं तथा ।
सतां तमाश्रमं श्रेष्ठं वदन्ति परमर्षयः ॥१५॥

15. bharaṇaṁ putradārāṇāṁ vedānāṁ pāraṇaṁ tathā ,
satāṁ tamāśramaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ vadanti paramarṣayaḥ.

15. bharaṇam putradārāṇām vedānām pāraṇam tathā
satām tam āśramam śreṣṭham vadanti paramarṣayaḥ

15. paramarṣayaḥ putradārāṇām bharaṇam vedānām
pāraṇam tathā satām tam āśramam śreṣṭham vadanti

15. The supreme sages declare that this stage of life (āśrama) which involves the maintenance of sons and wives, and the study of the Vedas, and is characterized by the virtuous, is the most excellent.

Words meanings summery:

• भरणम् (bharaṇam) - the responsibility of maintaining or supporting (maintenance, support, bearing)

• पुत्रदाराणाम् (putradārāṇām) - of one's children and spouse (of sons and wives)

• वेदानाम् (vedānām) - related to the sacred texts known as the Vedas (of the Vedas)

• पारणम् (pāraṇam) - the recitation and study of the Vedas (completion, recitation, studying, crossing over)

• तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, similarly, and)

• सताम् (satām) - characteristic of the virtuous people (of the virtuous, of the good, of the existent)

• तम् (tam) - that (particular) stage of life (that (masculine accusative singular))

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - the householder stage of life (gṛhastha-āśrama) (hermitage, stage of life (āśrama))

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - the most excellent (best, excellent, superior)

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - the sages declare (they speak, they say, they declare)

• परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - the highest order of sages (supreme sages, chief sages)

Words meanings and morphology

भरणम् (bharaṇam) - the responsibility of maintaining or supporting (maintenance, support, bearing)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bharaṇa

bharaṇa - maintenance, support, bearing

from root bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: One of the characteristics of the best āśrama.

पुत्रदाराणाम् (putradārāṇām) - of one's children and spouse (of sons and wives)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putradāra

putradāra - sons and wives

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dāra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• dāra – wife, spouse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Genitive plural, associated with bharaṇam (maintenance of them).

वेदानाम् (vedānām) - related to the sacred texts known as the Vedas (of the Vedas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of veda

veda - Veda (sacred texts), knowledge

from root vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural, associated with pāraṇam.

पारणम् (pāraṇam) - the recitation and study of the Vedas (completion, recitation, studying, crossing over)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāraṇa

pāraṇa - completion, recitation, studying, crossing over

from root pṛ (to fill, cross)

Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Another characteristic of the best āśrama.

तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, similarly, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects items in the list.

सताम् (satām) - characteristic of the virtuous people (of the virtuous, of the good, of the existent)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existent, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural, referring to the virtuous individuals whose actions define the best āśrama.

तम् (tam) - that (particular) stage of life (that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of vadanti, referring to āśramam.

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - the householder stage of life (gṛhastha-āśrama) (hermitage, stage of life (āśrama))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, stage of life (āśrama)

from root śram (to toil, exert oneself) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of vadanti.

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - the most excellent (best, excellent, superior)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, superior

Superlative degree from praśasya (excellent)

Note: Qualifies āśramam.

वदन्ति (vadanti) - the sages declare (they speak, they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Verb of the sentence.

परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - the highest order of sages (supreme sages, chief sages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramarṣi

paramarṣi - supreme sage, chief sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+ṛṣi)

• parama – supreme, highest, ultimate
  adjective (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.