महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-61, verse-11
स्वदारतुष्ट ऋतुकालगामी नियोगसेवी नशठो नजिह्मः ।
मिताशनो देवपरः कृतज्ञः सत्यो मृदुश्चानृशंसः क्षमावान् ॥११॥
मिताशनो देवपरः कृतज्ञः सत्यो मृदुश्चानृशंसः क्षमावान् ॥११॥
11. svadāratuṣṭa ṛtukālagāmī; niyogasevī naśaṭho najihmaḥ ,
mitāśano devaparaḥ kṛtajñaḥ; satyo mṛduścānṛśaṁsaḥ kṣamāvān.
mitāśano devaparaḥ kṛtajñaḥ; satyo mṛduścānṛśaṁsaḥ kṣamāvān.
11.
svadāratuṣṭaḥ ṛtukālagāmī niyogasevī na śaṭhaḥ na jihmaḥ
mitāśanaḥ devaparaḥ kṛtajñaḥ satyaḥ mṛduḥ ca anṛśaṃsaḥ kṣamāvān
mitāśanaḥ devaparaḥ kṛtajñaḥ satyaḥ mṛduḥ ca anṛśaṃsaḥ kṣamāvān
11.
svadāratuṣṭaḥ ṛtukālagāmī niyogasevī
na śaṭhaḥ na jihmaḥ mitāśanaḥ
devaparaḥ kṛtajñaḥ satyaḥ
mṛduḥ ca anṛśaṃsaḥ kṣamāvān (syāt)
na śaṭhaḥ na jihmaḥ mitāśanaḥ
devaparaḥ kṛtajñaḥ satyaḥ
mṛduḥ ca anṛśaṃsaḥ kṣamāvān (syāt)
11.
Content with his own wife, approaching her at the proper season, observant of prescribed duties, he is not stubborn nor dishonest. He is moderate in his eating, devoted to the deities, grateful, truthful, gentle, benevolent, and forgiving.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्वदारतुष्टः (svadāratuṣṭaḥ) - content with one's own wife
- ऋतुकालगामी (ṛtukālagāmī) - approaching (his wife) at the proper time (season)
- नियोगसेवी (niyogasevī) - observant of prescribed duties/rules
- न (na) - not
- शठः (śaṭhaḥ) - deceitful, cunning, stubborn
- न (na) - not
- जिह्मः (jihmaḥ) - crooked, dishonest, sly
- मिताशनः (mitāśanaḥ) - moderate in eating, abstemious
- देवपरः (devaparaḥ) - devoted to gods, having gods as the highest goal
- कृतज्ञः (kṛtajñaḥ) - grateful, knowing what has been done
- सत्यः (satyaḥ) - truthful, true
- मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle, soft, mild
- च (ca) - and
- अनृशंसः (anṛśaṁsaḥ) - not cruel, benevolent, compassionate
- क्षमावान् (kṣamāvān) - patient, forgiving
Words meanings and morphology
स्वदारतुष्टः (svadāratuṣṭaḥ) - content with one's own wife
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of svadāratuṣṭa
svadāratuṣṭa - content with one's own wife
tatpuruṣa compound: svadāra (one's own wife) + tuṣṭa (satisfied)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svadāra+tuṣṭa)
- svadāra – one's own wife
noun (masculine)
tatpuruṣa compound: sva (own) + dāra (wife) - tuṣṭa – satisfied, content
adjective
Past Passive Participle
from root √tuṣ (to be pleased, satisfied)
Root: tuṣ (class 4)
ऋतुकालगामी (ṛtukālagāmī) - approaching (his wife) at the proper time (season)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛtukālagāmin
ṛtukālagāmin - one who goes at the proper season
tatpuruṣa compound: ṛtukāla (proper season) + gāmin (going)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛtukāla+gāmin)
- ṛtukāla – proper season, auspicious time
noun (masculine)
tatpuruṣa compound: ṛtu (season) + kāla (time) - gāmin – going, approaching
adjective
from root √gam (to go) + -in (agent suffix)
Root: gam (class 1)
नियोगसेवी (niyogasevī) - observant of prescribed duties/rules
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niyogasevin
niyogasevin - one who attends to duties/obligations
tatpuruṣa compound: niyoga (appointment, duty) + sevin (serving)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niyoga+sevin)
- niyoga – appointment, command, duty, obligation
noun (masculine)
from ni + root √yuj (to join)
Prefix: ni
Root: yuj (class 7) - sevin – serving, attending, honoring
adjective
from root √sev (to serve) + -in (agent suffix)
Root: sev (class 1)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
शठः (śaṭhaḥ) - deceitful, cunning, stubborn
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṭha
śaṭha - deceitful, rogue, stubborn
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
जिह्मः (jihmaḥ) - crooked, dishonest, sly
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jihma
jihma - crooked, dishonest, sly
मिताशनः (mitāśanaḥ) - moderate in eating, abstemious
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mitāśana
mitāśana - moderate in eating, abstemious
tatpuruṣa compound: mita (measured) + aśana (eating)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mita+aśana)
- mita – measured, moderate
adjective
Past Passive Participle
from root √mā (to measure)
Root: mā (class 2) - aśana – eating, food
noun (neuter)
from root √aś (to eat)
Root: aś (class 9)
देवपरः (devaparaḥ) - devoted to gods, having gods as the highest goal
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of devapara
devapara - devoted to gods, having gods as the highest goal
tatpuruṣa compound: deva (god) + para (supreme, devoted to)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+para)
- deva – god, deity
noun (masculine)
from root √div (to shine)
Root: div (class 4) - para – highest, supreme, devoted to
adjective
कृतज्ञः (kṛtajñaḥ) - grateful, knowing what has been done
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtajña
kṛtajña - grateful, knowing what has been done
tatpuruṣa compound: kṛta (done, deed) + jña (knowing)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛta+jña)
- kṛta – done, deed, benefit
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from root √kṛ (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - jña – knowing, wise
adjective
from root √jñā (to know)
Root: jñā (class 9)
सत्यः (satyaḥ) - truthful, true
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of satya
satya - true, truthful, real
from sat (being, existence)
Root: as (class 2)
मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle, soft, mild
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛdu
mṛdu - soft, gentle, mild
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अनृशंसः (anṛśaṁsaḥ) - not cruel, benevolent, compassionate
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anṛśaṃsa
anṛśaṁsa - not cruel, benevolent, compassionate
nah-tatpuruṣa compound: a- (not) + ṛśaṃsa (cruel)
Compound type : nah_tatpuruṣa (a+ṛśaṃsa)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
negative prefix - ṛśaṃsa – cruel, savage
adjective
क्षमावान् (kṣamāvān) - patient, forgiving
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣamāvat
kṣamāvat - possessing patience/forgiveness
derived from kṣamā (patience) + -vat (possessive suffix)