महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-350, verse-12

तस्याभिगमनप्राप्तौ हस्तो दत्तो विवस्वता ।
तेनापि दक्षिणो हस्तो दत्तः प्रत्यर्चनार्थिना ॥१२॥

12. tasyābhigamanaprāptau hasto datto vivasvatā ,
tenāpi dakṣiṇo hasto dattaḥ pratyarcanārthinā.

12. tasya abhi-gamana-prāptau hastaḥ dattaḥ vivasvatā |
tena api dakṣiṇaḥ hastaḥ dattaḥ prati-arcana-arthinā

12. tasya abhi-gamana-prāptau vivasvatā hastaḥ dattaḥ
tena api prati-arcana-arthinā dakṣiṇaḥ hastaḥ dattaḥ

12. Upon his arrival, a hand was extended by Vivasvat. He (the newcomer), desiring a reciprocal greeting, also extended his right hand.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (of him, his)

• अभि-गमन-प्राप्तौ (abhi-gamana-prāptau) - upon his arrival (at the attainment of approach, upon arrival)

• हस्तः (hastaḥ) - a hand (hand)

• दत्तः (dattaḥ) - was extended (given, offered, extended)

• विवस्वता (vivasvatā) - by Vivasvat (by the sun, by Vivasvat)

• तेन (tena) - by him (the newcomer) (by him, by that)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• दक्षिणः (dakṣiṇaḥ) - his right (right (hand), southern, clever)

• हस्तः (hastaḥ) - hand

• दत्तः (dattaḥ) - was extended (given, offered, extended)

• प्रति-अर्चन-अर्थिना (prati-arcana-arthinā) - desiring a reciprocal greeting (by one desiring a reciprocal worship/greeting)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the newcomer.

अभि-गमन-प्राप्तौ (abhi-gamana-prāptau) - upon his arrival (at the attainment of approach, upon arrival)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of abhi-gamana-prāpti

abhi-gamana-prāpti - attainment of approach, arrival, coming near

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi-gamana+prāpti)

• abhi-gamana – approach, coming, arrival
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'gam' with prefix 'abhi'.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• prāpti – attainment, acquisition, arrival
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Denotes the time/circumstance of the action.

हस्तः (hastaḥ) - a hand (hand)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasta

hasta - hand, trunk of an elephant, cubit

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'dattaḥ'.

दत्तः (dattaḥ) - was extended (given, offered, extended)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, offered, placed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dā' (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Past Passive Participle acting as a verb.

विवस्वता (vivasvatā) - by Vivasvat (by the sun, by Vivasvat)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vivasvat

vivasvat - the sun, brilliant, radiant, the Sun god (Vivasvat)

From 'vi' + 'vas' (to shine)

Prefix: vi

Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Agent in passive construction.

तेन (tena) - by him (the newcomer) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the newcomer.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes reciprocity.

दक्षिणः (dakṣiṇaḥ) - his right (right (hand), southern, clever)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - right, southern, skillful, proper

Note: Agrees with 'hastaḥ'.

हस्तः (hastaḥ) - hand

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasta

hasta - hand, trunk of an elephant, cubit

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'dattaḥ'.

दत्तः (dattaḥ) - was extended (given, offered, extended)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, offered, placed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dā' (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Past Passive Participle acting as a verb.

प्रति-अर्चन-अर्थिना (prati-arcana-arthinā) - desiring a reciprocal greeting (by one desiring a reciprocal worship/greeting)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prati-arcana-arthin

prati-arcana-arthin - one desiring reciprocal greeting/worship

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prati-arcana+arthin)

• prati-arcana – reciprocal worship, counter-worship, greeting
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'arc' (to worship, honor) with prefix 'prati'.
  Prefix: prati
  Root: arc (class 1)
• arthin – desiring, requesting, applicant
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'artha' (purpose, desire) + suffix '-in'.

Note: Agrees with 'tena'.