महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-349, verse-8

नाग उवाच ।
अहो कल्याणवृत्तस्त्वं साधु सज्जनवत्सलः ।
श्रवाढ्यस्त्वं महाभाग परं स्नेहेन पश्यसि ॥८॥

8. nāga uvāca ,
aho kalyāṇavṛttastvaṁ sādhu sajjanavatsalaḥ ,
śravāḍhyastvaṁ mahābhāga paraṁ snehena paśyasi.

8. nāgaḥ uvāca | aho kalyāṇa-vṛttaḥ tvam sādhu saj-jana-vatsalaḥ
| śravā-āḍhyaḥ tvam mahā-bhāga param snehena paśyasi

8. The nāga said: 'Oh, you are indeed of excellent conduct and benevolent towards virtuous people! You are rich in wisdom, O highly fortunate one! You perceive with supreme affection.'

Words meanings summery:

• नागः (nāgaḥ) - the serpent (Padmanābha) is the speaker (a serpent, a nāga (divine serpent))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अहो (aho) - exclamation of praise by the nāga (O!, Ah!, Oh! (exclamation of surprise, joy, or concern))

• कल्याण-वृत्तः (kalyāṇa-vṛttaḥ) - describes the brahmin's virtuous behavior (of excellent conduct, having auspicious actions)

• त्वम् (tvam) - the brahmin being addressed by the nāga (you)

• साधु (sādhu) - adverbial emphasis, 'truly' or 'indeed' (truly, well, excellent, good)

• सज्-जन-वत्सलः (saj-jana-vatsalaḥ) - describes the brahmin's kindness towards virtuous individuals (affectionate towards good people, benevolent to the virtuous)

• श्रवा-आढ्यः (śravā-āḍhyaḥ) - describes the brahmin's extensive knowledge derived from sacred traditions (rich in knowledge/wisdom, having abundant hearing (of scriptures))

• त्वम् (tvam) - the brahmin being addressed by the nāga (you)

• महा-भाग (mahā-bhāga) - a respectful address to the brahmin, indicating his noble status and good fortune (O great fortunate one, O highly esteemed one (vocative))

• परम् (param) - adverbially modifying 'snehena', meaning 'with supreme affection' (supreme, highest, excellent, exceedingly)

• स्नेहेन (snehena) - the manner in which the brahmin perceives (with affection, with love, out of kindness)

• पश्यसि (paśyasi) - the brahmin perceives the world or others in a particular way (you see, you perceive, you behold)

Words meanings and morphology

नागः (nāgaḥ) - the serpent (Padmanābha) is the speaker (a serpent, a nāga (divine serpent))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant, a specific class of semi-divine beings (serpent-demons)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active indicative

3rd person singular perfect active of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अहो (aho) - exclamation of praise by the nāga (O!, Ah!, Oh! (exclamation of surprise, joy, or concern))

(indeclinable)

कल्याण-वृत्तः (kalyāṇa-vṛttaḥ) - describes the brahmin's virtuous behavior (of excellent conduct, having auspicious actions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalyāṇa-vṛtta

kalyāṇa-vṛtta - of excellent conduct, having auspicious actions, virtuous

Compound noun (kalyāṇa) + past passive participle (vṛtta, meaning conduct).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kalyāṇa+vṛtta)

• kalyāṇa – auspicious, excellent, beautiful, virtuous, welfare
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  From root kal ("to sound, be able").
  Root: kal (class 1)
• vṛtta – course, conduct, behavior, happened, become, existed
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root vṛt. Used as a noun here.
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tvam'.

त्वम् (tvam) - the brahmin being addressed by the nāga (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Second person singular pronoun.

Note: Subject of implicit verb 'are'.

साधु (sādhu) - adverbial emphasis, 'truly' or 'indeed' (truly, well, excellent, good)

(indeclinable)

Derived from root sādh ("to succeed, accomplish").

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Adverbial.

सज्-जन-वत्सलः (saj-jana-vatsalaḥ) - describes the brahmin's kindness towards virtuous individuals (affectionate towards good people, benevolent to the virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saj-jana-vatsala

saj-jana-vatsala - affectionate towards good/virtuous people, benevolent to the wise

Compound noun (sat-jana) + adjective (vatsala).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sat+jana+vatsala)

• sat – good, virtuous, existing, real
  adjective (masculine)
  present active participle
  Present active participle of root as ("to be"). Used as an adjective.
  Root: as (class 2)
• jana – person, man, creature, people
  noun (masculine)
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• vatsala – affectionate, tender, loving, fond of
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from vatsa (calf, child) + suffix -la.

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tvam'.

श्रवा-आढ्यः (śravā-āḍhyaḥ) - describes the brahmin's extensive knowledge derived from sacred traditions (rich in knowledge/wisdom, having abundant hearing (of scriptures))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrava-āḍhya

śrava-āḍhya - rich in learning/knowledge, having abundant hearing (of sacred texts)

Compound noun (śrava) + adjective (āḍhya).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrava+āḍhya)

• śrava – hearing, listening, fame, knowledge derived from hearing
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  verbal noun
  Derived from root śru ("to hear").
  Root: śru (class 5)
• āḍhya – rich, wealthy, abundant, full of
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tvam'.

त्वम् (tvam) - the brahmin being addressed by the nāga (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Second person singular pronoun.

Note: Subject of implicit verb 'are'.

महा-भाग (mahā-bhāga) - a respectful address to the brahmin, indicating his noble status and good fortune (O great fortunate one, O highly esteemed one (vocative))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahā-bhāga

mahā-bhāga - highly fortunate, highly esteemed, noble, great one

Compound adjective, meaning 'having great fortune/share'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bhāga)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
  Stem of 'mahat'.
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhaj ("to divide, share").
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Addressing the brahmin.

परम् (param) - adverbially modifying 'snehena', meaning 'with supreme affection' (supreme, highest, excellent, exceedingly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial, meaning 'supremely' or 'exceedingly'.

स्नेहेन (snehena) - the manner in which the brahmin perceives (with affection, with love, out of kindness)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, tenderness, oil, unctuousness

From root snih ("to be sticky, love").

Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Manner of 'paśyasi'.

पश्यसि (paśyasi) - the brahmin perceives the world or others in a particular way (you see, you perceive, you behold)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present active indicative

2nd person singular present active of root dṛś (with irregular stem paśya-)

Root: dṛś (class 1)