महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-349, verse-2

तमभिक्रम्य नागेन्द्रो मतिमान्स नरेश्वर ।
प्रोवाच मधुरं वाक्यं प्रकृत्या धर्मवत्सलः ॥२॥

2. tamabhikramya nāgendro matimānsa nareśvara ,
provāca madhuraṁ vākyaṁ prakṛtyā dharmavatsalaḥ.

2. tam abhikramya nāgendraḥ matimān sa narēśvaraḥ |
provāca madhuram vākyam prakṛtyā dharmavatsalaḥ

2. matimān sa narēśvaraḥ prakṛtyā dharmavatsalaḥ
nāgendraḥ tam abhikramya madhuram vākyam provāca

2. Approaching him, that intelligent king of serpents (Nāga), who was formerly a lord of men, and who by his intrinsic nature (prakṛti) was devoted to natural law (dharma), spoke sweet words.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - referring to the brahmin (him, that)

• अभिक्रम्य (abhikramya) - having approached, approaching

• नागेन्द्रः (nāgendraḥ) - Nahuṣa, the king of serpents (king of serpents)

• मतिमान् (matimān) - intelligent, wise, possessing mind

• स (sa) - he, that

• नरेश्वरः (narēśvaraḥ) - Referring to Nahuṣa, who was a king in his former human life. (lord of men, king)

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, said

• मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet, pleasant

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by nature, naturally

• धर्मवत्सलः (dharmavatsalaḥ) - devoted to natural law (dharma), fond of righteousness

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - referring to the brahmin (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the brahmin.

अभिक्रम्य (abhikramya) - having approached, approaching

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √kram (1P) with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Indicates prior action to 'spoke'.

नागेन्द्रः (nāgendraḥ) - Nahuṣa, the king of serpents (king of serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāgendra

nāgendra - king of serpents, chief of Nāgas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+indra)

• nāga – serpent, snake; an elephant; a mountain
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (the deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'provāca'.

मतिमान् (matimān) - intelligent, wise, possessing mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matimat

matimat - intelligent, wise, endowed with mind/intellect

Derived from 'mati' (mind, intelligence) with '-mat' suffix

Note: Adjective for 'nāgendraḥ'.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the nāgendra, emphasizing his identity.

नरेश्वरः (narēśvaraḥ) - Referring to Nahuṣa, who was a king in his former human life. (lord of men, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narēśvara

narēśvara - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+īśvara)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Apposition to 'nāgendraḥ', referring to his past identity.

प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Irregular perfect form of √vac with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet, pleasant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming

Note: Adjective for 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, utterance

Derived from 'vāc' (speech)

Note: Direct object of 'provāca'.

प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by nature, naturally

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, origin, primary matter (prakṛti)

Note: Indicates the manner or means.

धर्मवत्सलः (dharmavatsalaḥ) - devoted to natural law (dharma), fond of righteousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavatsala

dharmavatsala - fond of natural law (dharma), devoted to righteousness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vatsala)

• dharma – natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• vatsala – affectionate, fond of, tender
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adjective for 'nāgendraḥ'.