महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-297, verse-23

राजर्षिरधृतिः स्वर्गात्पतितो हि महाभिषः ।
ययातिः क्षीणपुण्यश्च धृत्या लोकानवाप्तवान् ॥२३॥

23. rājarṣiradhṛtiḥ svargātpatito hi mahābhiṣaḥ ,
yayātiḥ kṣīṇapuṇyaśca dhṛtyā lokānavāptavān.

23. rājarṣiḥ adhṛtiḥ svargāt patitaḥ hi mahābhiṣaḥ
| yayātiḥ kṣīṇapuṇyaḥ ca dhṛtyā lokān avāptavān

23. hi adhṛtiḥ rājarṣiḥ svargāt patitaḥ mahābhiṣaḥ
ca kṣīṇapuṇyaḥ yayātiḥ dhṛtyā lokān avāptavān

23. Indeed, a royal sage devoid of steadfastness (dhṛti) fell from heaven, O great physician! But Yayati, though his accumulated merit (puṇya) was exhausted, re-attained the worlds through his steadfastness (dhṛti).

Words meanings summery:

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage (royal sage, king-sage)

• अधृतिः (adhṛtiḥ) - lacking steadfastness (dhṛti) (lacking steadfastness, devoid of resolution, unsteady)

• स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven (from heaven, from paradise)

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen (fallen, descended)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because)

• महाभिषः (mahābhiṣaḥ) - O great physician

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (Yayati (a legendary king))

• क्षीणपुण्यः (kṣīṇapuṇyaḥ) - whose accumulated merit (puṇya) was exhausted (whose merit is exhausted, having lost good deeds)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, but)

• धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by means of steadfastness (dhṛti) (by steadfastness, by firmness)

• लोकान् (lokān) - the worlds (worlds, realms, people)

• अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - attained (attained, reached, obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage (royal sage, king-sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king-sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛṣ (to go, flow).
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of patitaḥ.

अधृतिः (adhṛtiḥ) - lacking steadfastness (dhṛti) (lacking steadfastness, devoid of resolution, unsteady)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhṛti

adhṛti - lacking steadfastness, unsteadiness, irresolution

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dhṛti)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dhṛti – firmness, steadfastness, endurance, resolution
  noun (feminine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support) + kti suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājarṣiḥ.

स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven (from heaven, from paradise)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode, paradise

Note: Indicates separation.

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen (fallen, descended)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded

past passive participle

From root pat (to fall) + kta suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Often implies an active sense when used as an adjective for a subject (he who has fallen).

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or causation.

Note: Particle.

महाभिषः (mahābhiṣaḥ) - O great physician

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhiṣaj

mahābhiṣaj - great physician

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhiṣaj)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
  Feminine stem mahā used as first member of compound.
• bhiṣaj – physician, healer
  noun (masculine)
  Root bhiṣaj (to heal).
  Root: bhiṣaj (class 1)

Note: Addressing a great physician.

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (Yayati (a legendary king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayati (name of a legendary king)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Subject of avāptavān.

क्षीणपुण्यः (kṣīṇapuṇyaḥ) - whose accumulated merit (puṇya) was exhausted (whose merit is exhausted, having lost good deeds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇapuṇya

kṣīṇapuṇya - one whose merit is exhausted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣīṇa+puṇya)

• kṣīṇa – exhausted, decayed, wasted
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root kṣi (to decay, destroy) + kta suffix.
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed
  noun (neuter)
  From root puṇ (to be pure).
  Root: puṇ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with yayātiḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also, but)

(indeclinable)

धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by means of steadfastness (dhṛti) (by steadfastness, by firmness)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - firmness, steadfastness, endurance, resolution

From root dhṛ (to hold, support) + kti suffix.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which worlds were attained.

लोकान् (lokān) - the worlds (worlds, realms, people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

From root lok (to see, perceive).

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Object of avāptavān.

अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - attained (attained, reached, obtained)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāptavat

āp - to obtain, reach, acquire

past active participle

Root āp (to obtain) with prefix ava- + ktavatU suffix.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: ava is an upasarga. Participle used as a finite verb.