महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-269, verse-8

अवकीर्णः सुगुप्तश्च न वाचा ह्यप्रियं वदेत् ।
मृदुः स्यादप्रतिक्रूरो विस्रब्धः स्यादरोषणः ॥८॥

8. avakīrṇaḥ suguptaśca na vācā hyapriyaṁ vadet ,
mṛduḥ syādapratikrūro visrabdhaḥ syādaroṣaṇaḥ.

8. avakirṇaḥ suguptaḥ ca na vācā hi apriyam vadet
mṛduḥ syāt apratikrūraḥ visrabdhaḥ syāt aroṣaṇaḥ

8. (saḥ) avakirṇaḥ suguptaḥ ca na vācā hi apriyam vadet
(saḥ) mṛduḥ syāt apratikrūraḥ visrabdhaḥ syāt aroṣaṇaḥ

8. A disciplined and self-controlled person should not speak unpleasant words. He should be gentle, not cruel, trustworthy, and free from anger.

Words meanings summery:

• अवकिर्णः (avakirṇaḥ) - disciplined, with senses under control (disciplined, restrained, scattered)

• सुगुप्तः (suguptaḥ) - self-controlled (well-guarded, well-controlled, well-protected)

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• वाचा (vācā) - by speech, with words

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant (words) (unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked)

• वदेत् (vadet) - should speak, should say

• मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle, soft, mild

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be

• अप्रतिक्रूरः (apratikrūraḥ) - not cruel, not harsh

• विस्रब्धः (visrabdhaḥ) - trustworthy (trusting, trustworthy, confident, free from apprehension)

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be

• अरोषणः (aroṣaṇaḥ) - not angry, free from anger

Words meanings and morphology

अवकिर्णः (avakirṇaḥ) - disciplined, with senses under control (disciplined, restrained, scattered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avakirṇa

avakirṇa - scattered, dispersed, restrained, disciplined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √kṝ (to scatter) with the prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: kṝ (class 6)

सुगुप्तः (suguptaḥ) - self-controlled (well-guarded, well-controlled, well-protected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugupta

sugupta - well-guarded, well-protected, well-controlled, well-preserved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √gup (to guard, protect) with the prefix su (good, well)

Prefix: su

Root: gup (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वाचा (vācā) - by speech, with words

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Root: vac (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant (words) (unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, unloved, hostile

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'priya' (dear, pleasing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not
  indeclinable
• priya – dear, pleasing, beloved
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root √prī (to please, love)
  Root: prī (class 9)

वदेत् (vadet) - should speak, should say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √vad

Root: vad (class 1)

मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle, soft, mild

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, gentle, mild, tender, flexible

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √as

Root: as (class 2)

अप्रतिक्रूरः (apratikrūraḥ) - not cruel, not harsh

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apratikrūra

apratikrūra - not cruel, not harsh, gentle, kind

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'pratikrūra' (harsh, cruel)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+pratikrūra)

• a – not
  indeclinable
• pratikrūra – harsh, cruel, fierce
  adjective (masculine)

विस्रब्धः (visrabdhaḥ) - trustworthy (trusting, trustworthy, confident, free from apprehension)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visrabdha

visrabdha - trusting, trustworthy, confident, fearless, free from apprehension

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √sraṃbh (to trust, rely upon) with the prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: sraṃbh (class 1)

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √as

Root: as (class 2)

अरोषणः (aroṣaṇaḥ) - not angry, free from anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aroṣaṇa

aroṣaṇa - not angry, free from anger, mild-tempered

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'roṣaṇa' (angry, irritable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+roṣaṇa)

• a – not
  indeclinable
• roṣaṇa – angry, irritable, exciting anger
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root √ruṣ (to be angry)
  Root: ruṣ (class 4)