महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-230, verse-17
अधर्मान्तर्हिता वेदा वेदधर्मास्तथाश्रमाः ।
विक्रियन्ते स्वधर्मस्थाः स्थावराणि चराणि च ॥१७॥
विक्रियन्ते स्वधर्मस्थाः स्थावराणि चराणि च ॥१७॥
17. adharmāntarhitā vedā vedadharmāstathāśramāḥ ,
vikriyante svadharmasthāḥ sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca.
vikriyante svadharmasthāḥ sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca.
17.
adharmāntarhitāḥ vedāḥ vedadharmāḥ tathā āśramāḥ
vikriyante svadharmasthāḥ sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca
vikriyante svadharmasthāḥ sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca
17.
vedāḥ vedadharmāḥ tathā āśramāḥ adharmāntarhitāḥ
sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca svadharmasthāḥ vikriyante
sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca svadharmasthāḥ vikriyante
17.
The Vedas become hidden by unrighteousness (adharma), as do the natural laws (dharma) prescribed by the Vedas and the stages of life (āśrama). Immobile and mobile beings, even those established in their own intrinsic natures (dharma), are corrupted.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अधर्मान्तर्हिताः (adharmāntarhitāḥ) - concealed by unrighteousness (adharma), hidden by adharma
- वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas
- वेदधर्माः (vedadharmāḥ) - the natural laws (dharma) of the Vedas, the duties prescribed by the Vedas
- तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, likewise, similarly
- आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - the prescribed stages of life (student, householder, forest dweller, renunciant) (the stages of life (āśrama), hermitages)
- विक्रियन्ते (vikriyante) - they are changed, they become altered, they are corrupted, they are transformed (for the worse)
- स्वधर्मस्थाः (svadharmasthāḥ) - those established in their own intrinsic natures (dharma) / duties
- स्थावराणि (sthāvarāṇi) - immobile things/beings, stationary objects
- चराणि (carāṇi) - mobile things/beings, moving creatures
- च (ca) - and, also
Words meanings and morphology
अधर्मान्तर्हिताः (adharmāntarhitāḥ) - concealed by unrighteousness (adharma), hidden by adharma
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of adharmāntarhita
adharmāntarhita - concealed/hidden by unrighteousness (adharma)
Compound, where 'antarhita' (hidden) is qualified by 'adharma'.
Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (adharma+antarhita)
- adharma – unrighteousness (adharma), injustice, irreligion, evil, vice
noun (masculine)
negation of dharma - antarhita – hidden, concealed, vanished
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
derived from √dhā with antar- (to place between, to hide)
Prefix: antar
Root: dhā (class 3)
वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of veda
veda - sacred knowledge, the Vedas (a collection of hymns and sacred texts)
Root: vid (class 2)
वेदधर्माः (vedadharmāḥ) - the natural laws (dharma) of the Vedas, the duties prescribed by the Vedas
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vedadharma
vedadharma - the natural laws (dharma) or duties relating to the Vedas
Compound
Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+dharma)
- veda – sacred knowledge, the Vedas
noun (masculine)
Root: vid (class 2) - dharma – natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature (dharma), constitution (dharma), duty, righteousness, moral order
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, likewise, similarly
(indeclinable)
आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - the prescribed stages of life (student, householder, forest dweller, renunciant) (the stages of life (āśrama), hermitages)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrama
āśrama - stage of life (āśrama), hermitage, a place for spiritual retreat
Derived from √śram (to toil, exert) with ā-
Prefix: ā
Root: śram (class 4)
विक्रियन्ते (vikriyante) - they are changed, they become altered, they are corrupted, they are transformed (for the worse)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vi-kṛ
present indicative
3rd person plural, passive voice, from √kṛ with prefix vi-
Prefix: vi
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The passive voice indicates that the change is happening to them.
स्वधर्मस्थाः (svadharmasthāḥ) - those established in their own intrinsic natures (dharma) / duties
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of svadharmastha
svadharmastha - abiding in one's own intrinsic nature (dharma) or duty, steadfast in one's own duty
Compound
Compound type : tatpurusha (svadharma+stha)
- svadharma – one's own duty, one's own intrinsic nature (dharma), one's own constitution
noun (masculine) - stha – standing, situated, existing, abiding in
adjective (masculine)
Derived from √sthā (to stand, remain)
nominal stem suffix
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: It is plural masculine, agreeing with the implied subject of vikriyante (sthāvarāṇi and carāṇi).
स्थावराणि (sthāvarāṇi) - immobile things/beings, stationary objects
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of sthāvara
sthāvara - immovable, stationary, fixed, immobile (referring to plants, mountains, etc.)
Derived from √sthā (to stand)
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Functions as a noun here (immobile beings/things).
चराणि (carāṇi) - mobile things/beings, moving creatures
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of cara
cara - moving, mobile, walking, wandering (referring to animals)
Derived from √car (to move, wander)
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Functions as a noun here (mobile beings/things).
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'sthāvarāṇi' and 'carāṇi'.